Gender differences in alcohol onset and drinking frequency in adolescents: an application of the theory of planned behavior

Kyrrestad, Henriette; Mabille, Géraldine; Adolfsen, Frode; Koposov, Roman; Martinussen, Monica

doi:10.1080/09687637.2020.1865271

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…The associations were estimated separately for each covariate. Gender is likely to be an important confounding variable, as it has been shown to be related to both upward social comparison and self-presentation [ 73 , 74 , 75 ] and to several of the covariates [ 76 , 77 , 78 ]. Therefore, the multinominal logistic regressions were run with and without controlling for gender.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus on Self-Presentation on Social Media across Sociodemographic Variables, Lifestyles, and Personalities: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hjetland

Finserås

Sivertsen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Upward social comparison and aspects of self-presentation on social media such as feedback-seeking and strategic self-presentation may represent risk factors for experiencing negative mental health effects of social media use. The aim of this exploratory study was to assess how adolescents differ in upward social comparison and aspects of self-presentation on social media and whether these differences are linked to sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, or personality. The study was based on cross-sectional data from the “LifeOnSoMe” study performed in Bergen, Norway, including 2023 senior high school pupils (response rate 54%, mean age 17.4, 44% boys). Nine potentially relevant items were assessed using factor analysis, and latent class analysis was used to identify latent classes with distinct patterns of responses across seven retained items. The retained items converged into one factor, called “focus on self-presentation”. We identified three groups of adolescents with a low, intermediate, and high focus on self-presentation. Associations between identified latent classes and covariates were assessed using regression analyses. Being a girl, higher extraversion, lower emotional stability, more frequent alcohol consumption, and having tried tobacco were associated with membership in the high-focus group. These results suggest some characteristics that are associated with a higher focus on self-presentation and that could inform targeted interventions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus on Self-Presentation on Social Media across Sociodemographic Variables, Lifestyles, and Personalities: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hjetland

Finserås

Sivertsen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The finding that men have more frequent and predominantly positive drinking attitudes than women is in line with the findings of prior studies [235,384,385]. However, all these studies considered a sample of nonworking population (e.g., general population or college students).…”

Section: Drinking Attitude and Its Association With Alcoholrelated Pr...supporting

confidence: 88%

Alcohol-related Problems and Sick Leave: Do Attitudes towards Drinking matter?

Hashemi¹

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Background: Drinking alcohol is integrated into people’s social- and work lives. Drinking attitudes and norms stand out as significant predictors of drinking alcohol but few studies have been focused on working populations. Existing norms and attitudes toward alcohol, nature of work, sociocultural context, and workplace culture can form different drinking patterns and subsequently lead to a range of consequences for the individual who drinks, surroundings people, and society as a whole. Earlier studies have revealed that drinking alcohol increases the risk of sick leave among employees. However, there is a lack in exploring subgroups including measurement groupings and type of data. Moreover, the majority of prior studies focused on individual determinants and had less attention on group-level determinants. To better understand the relationship between alcohol behavior and sick leave, there is a need to explore the determinants at both the individual and group levels while considering employees within their work units and organizations. Aims: The overall aim of this thesis was to obtain new knowledge and a deeper understanding of the relationships between alcohol consumption and sick leave (Papers I and III), and how drinking attitudes might have a role in this relationship (Papers II and III). Materials and methods: In this thesis, data from the national WIRUS project (Workplace Interventions preventing Risky alcohol Use and Sick leave) was used. The relationship between alcohol consumption and sickness absence was explored by reviewing previously published literature and was analyzed descriptively (based on type of design, direction of associations, and type of measurement) and using meta- analysis (Paper I). Six databases were searched, and observational and experimental studies from 1980 to 2020 that reported the results of the association between alcohol consumption and sickness absence in the working population were included. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied to assess the quality of each association test. The status of drinking attitudes, as well as the association between drinking attitudes and alcohol-related problems, were examined in a cross-sectional study of 4,094 employees in 19 Norwegian companies (Paper II). Drinking attitudes were assessed using the Drinking Norms Scale, and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test scale was used to assess any alcohol-related problems. The data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Paper III, by considering the organizational structure of the working units, explored whether alcohol-related individual differences (drinking attitudes and alcohol-related problems) can predict one-day, short-term, long-term, and overall company-registered sick leave days. The data from the WIRUS-screening study were linked to company-registered sick leave data for 2,560 employees from 95 different work units. Three- level (employee, work unit, and company) negative binomial regression models were used to examine the association between alcohol-related individual differences and sick leave. Results: In Paper I, fifty-nine studies (58% longitudinal) were included in the systematic review. The systematic review supported the association between alcohol consumption and sickness absence, revealing that sickness absence was more than two times higher among risky drinking employees than among low-risk drinking employees. The increased risk for sickness absence was more likely to be found in cross- sectional studies, studies using self-reported absence data, and those reporting short-term sickness absence (Paper I). In Paper II, a higher proportion of employees reported positive (i.e., liberal) drinking attitudes. When compared with employees with negative drinking attitudes, employees with positive drinking attitudes were three times more likely to report alcohol-related problems (Paper II). Moreover, positive drinking attitudes were found to be more frequent in men than in women. However, the association between drinking attitudes and alcohol-related problems was noticeably stronger for women than for men (Paper II). A high variation in sick leave across work units and companies was found in the sample of Norwegian employees (Paper III). However, alcohol-related problems and drinking attitudes showed no association with higher levels of sick leave in work units within companies (Paper III). Conclusions: This thesis supports earlier evidence on the association between alcohol and sick leave in general and suggests that some specific types of measurement groupings and types of data may produce large effects in different ways. Although there was a lack of association between alcohol-related individual differences and sick leave among a sample of Norwegian employees, this thesis suggests the importance of between company-level differences on sick leave over within company differences. Therefore, further research is warranted to explore whether other unmeasured factors and/or specific company policies and practices can explain these differences. Moreover, the thesis suggests that drinking attitudes are associated with alcohol-related problems. To facilitate early health promotion programs that target alcohol problems, employees’ drinking attitudes may be assessed alongside actual alcohol consumption. These assessments might need to be gender-specific.

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“…Drawing from the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen & Madden, 1986), which posits that the strength of behavioral intention is a key prerequisite of behavior, several studies conducted on samples in the United States, Europe, and Australia have found that intentions to use a particular substance to be a strong predictor of future use, particularly for alcohol and cannabis use among adolescents (e.g., Carvajal et al, 2002; Cooke et al, 2016; Guxens et al, 2007; Kyrrestad et al, 2022; Petraitis et al, 1998; Zhao et al, 2020). A large‐scale longitudinal study conducted in the Netherlands showed that intention to start using cannabis prospectively predicted cannabis use in early adolescents (Malmberg et al, 2012).…”

Section: Intentions To Usementioning

confidence: 99%

A cross‐national study on adolescent substance use: Intentions, peer substance use, and parent‐adolescent communication

Defoe

Dubas

Aken

2023

J of Research on Adolesc

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This longitudinal two‐wave cross‐national study investigated whether intentions, friends' substance use, and parent‐adolescent substance‐use specific communication predict adolescent alcohol and cannabis use 1 year later, while estimating reversed links. The temporal order between these two substances was also examined. We used multi‐group cross‐lagged panel modeling on data from 2 ethnically and socioeconomically diverse samples: Sint Maarten (N = 350; Mage = 14.19) and the Netherlands (N = 602; Mage = 13.50). Results showed that in the Netherlands, cannabis use predicts more subsequent problems (alcohol use, intention to use cannabis, and affiliation with cannabis‐using friends). But for Sint Maarten, alcohol use predicts more subsequent problems (cannabis use, intention to use alcohol, and affiliation with alcohol‐using friends). These opposing results demonstrate that caution is warranted when generalizing results across countries.

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Gender differences in alcohol onset and drinking frequency in adolescents: an application of the theory of planned behavior

Cited by 14 publications

References 51 publications

Focus on Self-Presentation on Social Media across Sociodemographic Variables, Lifestyles, and Personalities: A Cross-Sectional Study

Focus on Self-Presentation on Social Media across Sociodemographic Variables, Lifestyles, and Personalities: A Cross-Sectional Study

Alcohol-related Problems and Sick Leave: Do Attitudes towards Drinking matter?

A cross‐national study on adolescent substance use: Intentions, peer substance use, and parent‐adolescent communication

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