Gender Differences in Body Satisfaction: An Examination of Familial and Individual Level Variables

Sira, Natalia; Ballard, Sharon M.

doi:10.26536/fsr.2011.16.01.05

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In the current study, the men were essentially equally aroused pre- and post-vignette. This finding could lend contradiction to the previously assumed norms in the literature that men do not care about body image [ 61 ]. However, men may still not care about their body image, but may be interested in the image of others, which in this vignette happened to be a female.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

A sympathetic nervous system evaluation of obesity stigma

2017

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The portrayal of obesity in the media is often one of negativity. Consequently, it may generate an increase in stigma. Obesity stigma, a form of social discrimination, is responsible for many of the negative psychological and physiological effects on individual wellness. These effects not only impact individual health, but also affect the economy, and ultimately, societal wellness. In an attempt to examine the influence of the media on obesity stigma, this study tested the hypothesis that positive priming would lead to a reduction in obesity stigma. To further our understanding of this relationship, we: 1) examined the role of priming on physiological measures (e.g. salivary alpha amylase and skin conductance) in 70 college students by introducing positive and negative media images of individuals with obesity, and 2) assessed psychological measures (e.g. perceived stress, need to belong, and self-esteem, and Body Mass Index). After the priming manipulation, participants read a vignette depicting the discrimination of an individual with obesity and answered subsequent questions assessing participants’ attributional blame of obesity. Results of this study revealed that priming affects physiological responding to obesity stigmatization. In conclusion, these findings suggest that incorporating positive media images of individuals with obesity may be an effective tool for reducing stigma and the various physiological consequences associated with it, which in turn, can enhance societal health and wellness.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

A sympathetic nervous system evaluation of obesity stigma

2017

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“…Given that the magnitudes of the associations were small in all regression analyses, it emphasized on this issue that BID is somewhat complex rather than unidirectional as presented in the current framework. It is a cross-cultural phenomenon, and also many other factors such as social (age, sex and educational level), familial (parental control), religious, acculturation level and media exposure, parenting style, birth weight and breast feeding are responsible for changes in BMI or the relationship between BID and body weight status which should be considered for future studies on body satisfaction [19,41,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between body image, body dissatisfaction and weight status in Iranian adolescents

Hatami¹,

Taib²,

Djazayery³

et al. 2015

Glob Epidemi Obes

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Background: In current society adolescents are concerned about body image. The relationship between body dissatisfaction and obesity is not clear in developing countries. This study sought to describe body image size perception and dissatisfaction, and their relationship with body weight status in adolescents. Methods: Objective measures of weight and height were undertaken on 1109 schoolchildren aged 10-18 (504 girls and 605 boys). BMI z-scores, and weight status were calculated based on the 2007 WHO growth reference charts. Figure rating scales were used to assess perceptions of current and ideal body size and dissatisfaction difference between these perceptions. Multivariate analyses were used to assess the relationship between the perceptions and dissatisfaction with body weight status. Results: Perceived body image size was positively associated with weight status (partial regression coefficient for overweight/obese vs non-overweight/obese was 0.63 (95% CI 0.26-0.99) and for BMI z-score was 0.21 (95% CI 0.10-0.31), adjusted for sex and age). Body dissatisfaction was also associated with weight status, with overweight and obese children more likely to select thinner ideal body size than healthy weight children (adjusted partial regression coefficient for overweight/obese vs non-overweight/ obese was 1.47 (95% CI 0.99-1.96) and for BMI z-score was 0.54 (95% CI 0.40-0.67)). Conclusions: Awareness of body image size and increasing body dissatisfaction with the higher weight status is established at a young age in this population. This needs to be considered when designing interventions to reduce obesity in young children, in terms of both benefits and harms.

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“…Researchers support the idea that there are gender disparities in adolescent self-esteem with some claiming that girls having lower self-esteem [27] – [29] and others found that boys have lower self-esteem [30] . These differences might be explained by the different ages and cultures investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Related Differences in Response to “In Favor of Myself” Wellness Program to Enhance Positive Self & Body Image among Adolescents

2014

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BackgroundPhysical, neurological and psychological changes are often experienced differently by male and female adolescents. Positive self-esteem, emotional well-being, school achievements, and family connectedness are considered as protective factors against health-compromising behaviors. This study examines the gender differences in respect to the effect of a school-based interactive wellness program – “In Favor of Myself” – on self-image, body image, eating attitudes and behaviors of young adolescents.MethodsTwo hundred and ten adolescents (mean age 13.5) participated in the intervention group, 55% were girls and 45% boys. Program consisted of eight 90-minutes structured sessions integrated into a regular school coping skills curriculum. The program focused on self-esteem, self-image, body image, media literacy and cognitive dissonance. The overall impact of the program and the study protocol were previously published.ResultsOverall, there are gender related differences in respect to body image and self-image in young adolescents in response to “In Favor of Myself”. Compared to boys, girls reported at baseline higher self-esteem, being more contingent by appearance, and their self-image was more influenced by popularity, appearance, interpersonal communication and admired people. Furthermore girls presented greater gap between current body figure and perceived ideal figure. Not only were girls more dissatisfied with their body, but they were more active in attempts to become and/or remain “thin”. At program termination, gender × time effect was detected in reduction of self-worth contingent by others, change in importance given to achievements at schools, parents' perceptions, as well as the impact of comparisons to friends and family members on self-image.ConclusionsGirls exhibited more gains than boys from ‘In Favor of Myself’ which raise the questions about how effective would be the program when delivered in mixed gender groups vs. mono-gender groups.

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Gender Differences in Body Satisfaction: An Examination of Familial and Individual Level Variables

Cited by 11 publications

References 58 publications

A sympathetic nervous system evaluation of obesity stigma

A sympathetic nervous system evaluation of obesity stigma

Relationship between body image, body dissatisfaction and weight status in Iranian adolescents

Gender Related Differences in Response to “In Favor of Myself” Wellness Program to Enhance Positive Self & Body Image among Adolescents

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