Gender differences in conversation topics, 1922?1990

Bischoping, Katherine

doi:10.1007/bf00289744

Cited by 67 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Men were more likely to label objects and events and discuss occupations, sports, and money than were women. These results are consistent with previous studies examining conversations between U.S. college-aged friends (Aries & Johnson, 1983;Bischoping, 1993) and support the conclusion that women use language for more affiliative goals than men, and men use language for more assertive goals than women.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Gender Differences in Family Dinnertime Conversations

Merrill

Gallo

Fıvush

2014

Discourse Processes

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Family dinnertime conversations are key settings where children learn behavior regulation, narrative skills, and knowledge about the world. In this context, parents may also model and socialize gender differences in language. The present study quantitatively examines gendered language use across a family dinnertime recorded with 37 broadly middle-class, racially diverse parents, a child between 9 and 12 years old, and their siblings. Conversations were parsed according to topic (behavior regulation, narrative talk, or general knowledge), and utterances were coded as either affiliative or assertive. Overall, mothers contributed more utterances to the conversations, but this effect was moderated by topic. Mothers talked more than fathers in conversations about behavior and narrative, whereas mothers and fathers spoke equally as often about general knowledge, suggesting that differences are modulated by topic in theoretically informative ways. Relations in language use between parents and children were evident for mothers and daughters. Implications are discussed.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Gender Differences in Family Dinnertime Conversations

Merrill

Gallo

Fıvush

2014

Discourse Processes

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“…When communicating, men are more likely than women to discuss factual issues (Bischoping 1993;Colley and Todd 2002;Moore 1922), use more aggressive or adversarial language (Colley and Todd 2002;Colley et al 2004;Glass 1992;Nicotera and Rancer 1994), and bring up fewer personal topics (Aries and Johnson 1983;Bischoping 1993;Colley et al 2004;Glass 1992). Overall, men's communication tends to be outward directed (Glass 1992), and often reflects a desire for power or control (Holmes 1998).…”

Section: Gender Differences In Communicationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Their style can be described as indirect and elaborate (Mulac et al 2001) with a focus on affective meaning (Holmes 1998). Women are more likely than men to discuss people, appearances (Bischoping 1993;Moore 1922), shopping (Colley et al 2004), and relationships (Aries and Johnson 1983;Bischoping 1993;Tannen 1990). Stylistically, women are more prone to use linguistic devices that convey affect (Holmes 1998).…”

Section: Gender Differences In Communicationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Who Benefits from Pennebaker’s Expressive Writing? More Research Recommendations: A Commentary on Range and Jenkins

Stickney

2010

Sex Roles

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This manuscript is a commentary on Range and Jenkins' (2010) exploration of possible gender differences in the outcomes of Pennebaker's expressive writing paradigm. It too examines possible gender differences, but uses a different perspective and extends Range and Jenkins' work. She focuses solely on reasons outcomes might be more beneficial for men, while this commentary looks at outcomes that may favor either gender. It employs a communication and emotion framework and explores the effects of previous trauma disclosure, women's tendency to ruminate, and the congruence of written instructions and preferred communication style. Also examined are shame, an emotion associated with some traumas, socially appropriate emotion expression, and the impact of alexithymia on emotional disclosure. Research recommendations are provided.

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“…Theoretically, we might predict greater gender differences for some types of personally significant events than others. More specifically, given that females generally express more emotion than do males across multiple contexts (Basow & Rubenfeld, 2003;Bischoping, 1993;Leaper & Ayres, 2007;Newman, Groom, Handelman, & Pennebaker, 2008), it may be that highly emotional events elicit greater gender differences in recall than do less emotional events. Similarly, events that are self-defining may be especially likely to solicit explicit gendered ways of recalling, especially for individuals who define themselves as highly gender-typical.…”

Section: Event Type In Memory Elicitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of gender and gender typicality on autobiographical memory across event types and age groups

et al. 2016

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Gender differences in autobiographical memory emerge in some data collection paradigms and not others. The present study included an extensive analysis of gender differences in autobiographical narratives. Data were collected from 196 participants, evenly split by gender and by age group (emerging adults, ages 18-29, and young adults, ages 30-40). Each participant reported four narratives, including an event that had occurred in the last 2 years, a high point, a low point, and a self-defining memory. Additionally, all participants completed self-report measures of masculine and feminine gender typicality. The narratives were coded along six dimensions-namely coherence, connectedness, agency, affect, factual elaboration, and interpretive elaboration. The results indicated that females expressed more affect, connection, and factual elaboration than males across all narratives, and that feminine typicality predicted increased connectedness in narratives. Masculine typicality predicted higher agency, lower connectedness, and lower affect, but only for some narratives and not others. These findings support an approach that views autobiographical reminiscing as a feminine-typed activity and that identifies gender differences as being linked to categorical gender, but also to one's feminine gender typicality, whereas the influences of masculine gender typicality were more context-dependent. We suggest that implicit gendered socialization and more explicit gender typicality each contribute to gendered autobiographies.

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Gender differences in conversation topics, 1922?1990

Cited by 67 publications

References 24 publications

Gender Differences in Family Dinnertime Conversations

Gender Differences in Family Dinnertime Conversations

Who Benefits from Pennebaker’s Expressive Writing? More Research Recommendations: A Commentary on Range and Jenkins

The influence of gender and gender typicality on autobiographical memory across event types and age groups

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