Gender differences in externalizing and internalizing problems in Singaporean children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Lau, Tsz Wing Ivy; Lim, Choon Guan; Acharryya, Sanchalika; Lim-Ashworth, Nikki; Tan, Yi Ren; Fung, Daniel

doi:10.1186/s13034-021-00356-8

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Female university students were impacted more by their weight-related self-stigma on their PA, while male students were more impacted by the perceived weight stigma on PA. The gender differences may be explained by the features of gender such as females have more internalizing problems (e.g., depression) and males having more externalizing problems (e.g., aggressive behaviors) ( 53 – 59 ). Internalizing problems among females may maximize their feelings of weight-related self-stigma, which in turn, are associated with their lowered PA ( 59 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Internalizing problems among females may maximize their feelings of weight-related self-stigma, which in turn, are associated with their lowered PA ( 59 ). Externalizing problems among males may make them share the attitudes and behaviors of their peers, which strengthens the effects of their perceived weight stigma on PA ( 53 – 58 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender Differences in the Associations Between Physical Activity, Smartphone Use, and Weight Stigma

Ping

Chen

Chang

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) is important for health. However, there is little evidence on how weight stigma, time spent on sedentary activities (including smartphone, social media, online learning), time spent on outdoor activity, and nomophobia associate with PA among Chinese individuals with consideration of gender. The present study examined the aforementioned associations in the COVID-19 pandemic era.MethodsUniversity students (N = 3,135; 1,798 females, 1,337 males) with a mean age of 19.65 years (SD = 2.38) years completed an online survey from November to December, 2021. The online survey assessed weight stigma (using the Perceived Weight Stigma Scale and Weight Bias Internalization Scale), PA (using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form), time spent on different activities (using self-designed items for time on smartphone, outdoor activity, social media, and online learning), and nomophobia (using the Nomophobia Questionnaire). Parallel mediation models were constructed (dependent variable: PA; mediators: perceived weight stigma, weight-related self-stigma, time spent on smartphone, time spent on outdoor activity, time spent on social media, and time spent online learning; independent variable: nomophobia) and evaluated using Hayes' Process Macro Model 4 (IBM SPSS 20.0).ResultsWeight-related self-stigma (β = −0.06; p = 0.03), time spent on outdoor activity (β = 0.21; p < 0.001), time spent on social media (β = 0.07; p = 0.02), time spent on online learning (β = 0.06; p = 0.03), and nomophobia (β = −0.07; p = 0.01) were all significant factors explaining the PA among female participants. Perceived weight stigma (β = −0.07; p = 0.01), time spent on outdoor activity (β = 0.27; p < 0.001), and time spent on online learning (β = 0.10; p = 0.002) were all significant factors explaining PA among male participants.ConclusionChinese healthcare providers should design programs on weight stigma reduction and outdoor activity improvement to enhance PA among university students.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in the Associations Between Physical Activity, Smartphone Use, and Weight Stigma

Ping

Chen

Chang

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Gender remained a significant predictor of internalizing and externalizing problems in children (Lau et al, 2021). This study's findings reveal gender differences in internalizing and externalizing problems in children aged from two to eighteen in UAE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Further research, could include also collecting data from parents' reports to support and compare teachers' reports on students; behaviour. Samples that include adolescents can also be valuable as individuals with older age are found to suffer from more internalizing and externalizing problems than children due to academic demands and their increased social expectations (Lau et al, 2021). Further research studies are recommended with a larger sample size and different variables such as; students' age, and parents' education level to examine these variable effects which may present valuable suggestions and recommendations.…”

Section: Limitation and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Children at Risk in Uae: Pilot Use of the MBC Arabic Version in Primary School Settings

Efstratopoulou¹,

AlQahtani²,

Eldib³

2022

Education and New Developments 2022 – Volume 2

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"Children’s emotional, behavioral and developmental problems can be properly identified and assessed based on observations from their teachers and parents. The Motor Behavior Checklist (MBC; Efstratopoulou, Janssen, Simons, 2012a) was designed to assist classroom teachers and Physical Education (PE) teachers in assessing their students’ motor-related behaviors. The instrument has already been successfully translated and culturally adapted into six languages and used in a number of research studies internationally. The present study aimed to apply the newly developed Arabic version of the MBC checklist at mainstream Schools in UAE and assess the motor behavioral problems in typical school-aged children. A sample of 294 children aged 2- 18 years were assessed by their teachers in school settings using the 59 items checklist for children analyzing data on the 7 clusters (rules breaking, attention, hyperactivity, low energy, stereotyped behavior, social interaction, self-regulation). Findings indicated that boys were scoring higher on the Attention, Hyperactivity, and social problems scales. Gender differences and the possible effects of behavioral challenges are also explored and discussed in the study. Early assessment and Behavioral management strategies are recommended by the authors."

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“…Psychometric validation is necessary to ensure these scales produce precise and meaningful assessments for school-based behavioral health; notably, an initial validation has already been completed of the adapted depression and anxiety and new sleep scales (Ruan-Iu et al, 2022), with future research focusing on the other adapted and new scales. For externalizing symptoms, it is especially important to ensure not only generally good scale functioning but also measurement invariance across gender, given established gender differences across the life span (wherein male individuals typically display more externalizing symptoms; Boyd et al, 2015; Lau et al, 2021).…”

Section: Behavioral Health In Schoolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a parent report on externalizing symptoms scale: A downward extension of the behavioral health screen.

Rivers¹,

Winston-Lindeboom²,

Ruan‐Iu³

et al. 2023

School Psychology

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Externalizing problems are common in children ages 6–14, can have lifelong consequences, and may pose a particular risk when combined with other risk factors and symptoms (like depression and anxiety). Schools are uniquely positioned to assess and address these types of behavioral health concerns, but many school-based assessments do not focus on mental health distress (partially because they often lack the infrastructure for identification, screening, and referral). To address this gap, the Behavioral Health Works program student mental health software system has integrated teacher training, psychometrically strong assessments, feedback, and referral tools. However, this self-report tool for adolescents needed to be adapted for younger children. Thus, a parent-report version was added as well as new scales for better assessing this age group. The present study examines the psychometric properties of the new parent-report attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant/conduct scales within a sample of 440 children referred for school-based assessments. Overall, the new scales demonstrated good structural validity, measurement invariance across most demographic groups, discrimination in item response theory analyses, and evidence of convergent validity and good classification accuracy in relation to a validation battery. These externalizing scales are distinct and precise and show promise for improving the effectiveness of school-based programs for identifying at-risk children.

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Gender differences in externalizing and internalizing problems in Singaporean children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 26 publications

References 48 publications

Gender Differences in the Associations Between Physical Activity, Smartphone Use, and Weight Stigma

Gender Differences in the Associations Between Physical Activity, Smartphone Use, and Weight Stigma

Assessing Children at Risk in Uae: Pilot Use of the MBC Arabic Version in Primary School Settings

Validation of a parent report on externalizing symptoms scale: A downward extension of the behavioral health screen.

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