Gender differences in healthy life expectancy among Brazilian elderly

Belon, Ana Paula; Lima, Margareth Guimarães; Barros, M.R.X. de

doi:10.1186/1477-7525-12-88

Cited by 29 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We calculated an index based on the number of household assets, degree of education of the household head and presence of monthly paid housekeeper, using a standard Brazilian classification scheme for social class: (A/B) upper class; C (middle class); and lower class (D/E), adapting the approach of the Brazilian Association of Survey Firms [33]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequalities in healthy life expectancy by Brazilian geographic regions: findings from the National Health Survey, 2013

Szwarcwald

Júnior

Marques

et al. 2016

Int J Equity Health

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BackgroundThe demographic shift and epidemiologic transition in Brazil have drawn attention to ways of measuring population health that complement studies of mortality. In this paper, we investigate regional differences in healthy life expectancy based on information from the National Health Survey (PNS), 2013.MethodsIn the survey, a three-stage cluster sampling (census tracts, households and individuals) with stratification of the primary sampling units and random selection in all stages was used to select 60,202 Brazilian adults (18 years and over). Healthy life expectancies (HLE) were estimated by Sullivan’s method according to sex, age and geographic region, using poor self-rated health for defining unhealthy status. Logistic regression models were used to investigate socioeconomic and regional inequalities in poor self-rated health, after controlling by sex and age.ResultsWide disparities by geographic region were found with the worst indicators in the North and Northeast regions, whether considering educational attainment, material deprivation, or health care utilization. Life expectancy at birth for women and men living in the richest regions was 5 years longer than for those living in the less wealthy regions. Modeling the variation across regions for poor self-rated health, statistically significant effects (p < 0.001) were found for the North and Northeast when compared to the Southeast, even after controlling for age, sex, diagnosis of at least one non-communicable chronic disease, and schooling or socioeconomic class. Marked regional inequalities in HLE were found, with the loss of healthy life much higher among residents of the poorest regions, especially among the elderly.ConclusionsBy combining data on self-rated health status and mortality in a single indicator, Healthy Life Expectancy, this study demonstrated the excess burden of poor health experienced by populations in the less wealthy regions of Brazil. To mitigate the effects of social exclusion, the development of strategies at the regional level is essential to provide health care to all persons in need, reduce risk exposures, support prevention policies for adoption of healthy behaviors. Such strategies should prioritize population groups that will experience the greatest impact from such interventions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequalities in healthy life expectancy by Brazilian geographic regions: findings from the National Health Survey, 2013

Szwarcwald

Júnior

Marques

et al. 2016

Int J Equity Health

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“…Their answers were dichotomized: without any functional limitation and with at least one functional limitation. Similar questions were used in other studies 3 , 5 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Happy life expectancy among older adults: differences by sex and functional limitations

Lima

Belon

2016

Rev. Saúde Pública

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate if the happy life expectancy in older adults differs according to sex and functional limitations.METHODS Life expectancy was estimated by Chiang method, and happy life expectancy was estimated by Sullivan method, combining mortality data with the prevalence of happiness. The questions on happiness and limitations came from a health survey, which interviewed 1,514 non-institutionalized older adults living in the city of Campinas, SP, Southeastern Brazil. The happy life expectancy was estimated by sex, age, and functional limitations. Based on the variance and standard error of the happy life expectancy, we estimated 95% confidence intervals, which allowed us to compare the statistical differences of the number of happy years lived among men and women.RESULTS Differences by sex in happy life expectancy were significant at ages 60, 65, and 70. In absolute terms, women live more years happily. But, in relative terms, older men could expect to live proportionally more years with happiness. Happy life expectancy decreased significantly with increasing age in both men and women. Among older people living without functional limitation, differences by sex were statistically significant in all age groups, except at age 80. In the group with limitations, no significant differences by sex were found. Significant differences between the group without and with functional limitations were seen in both men and women.CONCLUSIONS Older men could expect to live a greater proportion of their lives happily in comparison to same-aged women, but women show more years with happiness than men. Functional limitations have a significant impact on happy life expectancy for both sexes.

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“…One can also meet certain frequency lingual varicosities, characterized by bubbles that are located on the tongue side, it is most often asymptomatic. 1,3 In addition to systemic diseases affected at this age, the oral health of the elderly is still precarious, the number of teeth in the oral cavity is small, the incidence of periodontal disease and caries is high, most make use of partial dentures and/or total, causing the social, physical and psychological problems affecting their QoL. 1,12 Although this is not an epidemiological study, the data provide interesting information on the social and oral health conditions of the study group, which, however, can not be generalized, because there was not any attempt to make it a random sampling.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oral health is among the factors that can exert influence on the QoL of the elderly people, since poor oral health conditions result in difficulty in chewing, speaking, or even in the relationships with other people. [1][2][3] The concept of QoL is related to self-esteem and personal well-being and covers aspects such as socio-economic status, lifestyle, cultural, ethnic and religious values, health, family support, self-care, intellectual, social interaction, emotional state, job satisfaction and activities of daily life and the environment in which we live. Thus, the concept of QoL is subjective and depends on socio-economic status, age, and desires of each individual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%