Gender differences in lying in sender-receiver games: A meta-analysis

Capraro, Valerio

doi:10.31234/osf.io/jaewt

Cited by 57 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Since then, numerous experiments have explored gender differences in (dis)honesty, finding mixed results (Biziou-van-Pol et al, 2015;Cappelen et al, 2013;Childs, 2012;Erat & Gneezy, 2012;Friesen & Gangaradhan, 2012). Two recent meta-analyses shed light on this question: one of experiments using the die-under-cup paradigm (Abeler, Nosenzo & Raymond, in press) and one of experiments using the sender-receiver game (Capraro, 2018), both found that men lie more than women. Our results are in line with these meta-analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time pressure and honesty in a deception game

Capraro

Schulz

Rand

2019

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

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Previous experiments have found mixed results on whether honesty is intuitive or requires deliberation. Here we add to this literature by building on prior work of Capraro (2017). We report a large study (N=1,389) manipulating time pressure vs time delay in a deception game. We find that, in this setting, people are more honest under time pressure, and that this result is not driven by confounds present in earlier work.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time pressure and honesty in a deception game

Capraro

Schulz

Rand

2019

Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics

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“…As reviewed above, there has been some research looking at the cognitive basis of honesty as a function of gender. Gender is known to influence lying and, by now, there are three metaanalyses showing that men lie more than women (Abeler, Nosenzo & Raymond, in press;Capraro, 2018;Gerlach, Teodorescu & Hertwig, 2019). Therefore, it is natural to ask whether gender interacts with cognitive mode in determining the decision whether to lie.…”

Section: Outlook and Open Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dual-Process Approach to Human Sociality: A Review

Capraro¹

2019

SSRN Journal

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Which social decisions are intuitive? Which are deliberative? The dual-process approach to human sociality has emerged in the last decades as a vibrant and exciting area of research. Here, I review the existing literature on the cognitive basis of cooperation, altruism, honesty, equity-efficiency, positive and negative reciprocity, and moral judgments. For each of these domains, I list a number of open problems that I believe to be crucial to further advance our understanding of human social cognition. I conclude by making an attempt to introduce a game-theoretical framework to organize the existing empirical evidence. This framework seems promising, as it turns out to make predictions that are generally in line with the experimental data in all but one domain: positive reciprocity. I tried to keep the review selfcontained, exhaustive, and research-oriented. My hope is that it can contribute to bring further attention to this fascinating area of research.

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“…9 Regarding H3, the current study provided evidence that cheating among girls, but not boys, is greater for loss framing than gain framing. This evidence that gender interacts with sensitivity to framing answers Capraro's (2018) call to identify moderators of the genderlying relationship. Whereas girls' behavior seems in line with observations for adults (Grolleau et al, 2016;Kern & Chugh, 2009;Schindler & Pfattheicher, 2017), boys' behavior may be different because their cognitive development at the age studied is less advanced than that of girls (Fennema & Tartre, 1985;Marshall, 1984).…”

Section: Temptation Mattersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cheating among children: Temptation, loss framing, and previous cheating

Markiewicz

Gawryluk

2019

Behavioral Decision Making

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Although early economic approaches to misbehavior merely compare the monetary utility of accessible options, self‐concept maintenance models introduce moral considerations to the equation. These assume that people trade off possible gains to be made from moral transgressions with associated decreases in self‐esteem. On the basis of the assumption that the development of moral values among children is weaker than in adults, we expected children's behavior to be close to that of the hypothetical homo economicus, with their decisions as to whether to cheat therefore being influenced by decision theory elements: normative elements such as temptation magnitude, and behavioral elements such as framing. As children should pay no heed to moral considerations in dynamic multiple task settings, behavior opposite to “moral cleansing” was expected, with a first lie predicting later lies. In addition to testing the above ideas, the present study adopted a novel methodology. Our hypotheses were tested in a lab‐in‐the‐field study using a modified “roll a die” method in a naturalistic setting for children of ages 7 to 10. We modified the method to identify both true and declared values of die rolls (a novel DICE+ electronic die was used). As expected, children were sensitive to temptation and cheated more willingly for more attractive prizes. Girls (but not boys) lied more (in terms of both frequency and magnitude) to avoid losses (with loss framing) than to make gains (with gain framing). Previous lying correlated positively with lying on subsequent tasks.

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Gender differences in lying in sender-receiver games: A meta-analysis

Cited by 57 publications

References 45 publications

Time pressure and honesty in a deception game

Time pressure and honesty in a deception game

The Dual-Process Approach to Human Sociality: A Review

Cheating among children: Temptation, loss framing, and previous cheating

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