Gender differences in the adaptive influence of folk beliefs: A longitudinal study of life satisfaction in aging.

Swift, Audrey U.; Bailis, Daniel S.; Chipperfield, Judith G.; Ruthig, Joelle C.; Newall, Nancy E.

doi:10.1037/0008-400x.40.2.104

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This demonstrates the general beneficial effects of looking for the positive or finding benefit in negative situations, as found in past research in specific contexts (e.g., Affleck et al, 1987;Swift et al, 2008).…”

Section: Secondary Control and Regretsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Regret in Later Life: Exploring Relationships between Regret Frequency, Secondary Interpretive Control Beliefs, and Health in Older Individuals

Newall¹,

Chipperfield²,

Daniels

et al. 2009

Int J Aging Hum Dev

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The present study examined what older people regret, and the relationships between regret, health and life satisfaction. The study also explored the role of secondary interpretive control beliefs in relation to regret. Participants (N= 228; 79-98 years old) were asked to report on the content and frequency of their regret, secondary interpretive control beliefs (e.g., beliefs in finding the "silver lining" in a dark cloud), health, and life satisfaction. A content analysis revealed that participants most commonly reported feeling regret due to things they had not done, the death of a loved one, and their own or others' health problems. Regression analyses indicated that experiencing regret more frequently was associated with poorer health and life satisfaction. Moreover, evidence for an emotion-modifying role of secondary interpretive control beliefs was shown through its negative association with regret. Results suggest that older adults may be experiencing age-related regrets that differ in content from those experienced at younger ages and that certain control beliefs may serve to lessen regret.

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Section: Secondary Control and Regretsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Also termed reinterpretive folk beliefs (Swift, Bailis, Chipperfield, Ruthig, & Newall, 2008), participants were asked about their agreement with the statements (1 = strongly disagree; to 6 = strongly agree).…”

Section: Secondary Interpretive Control Beliefsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regret in Later Life: Exploring Relationships between Regret Frequency, Secondary Interpretive Control Beliefs, and Health in Older Individuals

Newall¹,

Chipperfield²,

Daniels

et al. 2009

Int J Aging Hum Dev

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“…In particular, we found that the extent to which women engaged in compensatory secondary control strategies predicted fewer hospitalizations and shorter hospital stays during the subsequent 2 years (Chipperfield & Perry, in press). Moreover, we have also found that unhealthy women who endorsed secondary control folk beliefs that include positive reappraisal report better life satisfaction 5 years later (Swift, Bailis, Chipperfield, Ruthig, & Newall, 2006). Together, these findings suggest that secondary control has salutary effects for women.…”

Section: Primary and Secondary Control 97mentioning

confidence: 83%

Gender differences in use of primary and secondary control strategies in older adults with major health problems

Chipperfield¹,

Perry²,

Bailis³

et al. 2007

Psychology & Health

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The present study examined primary and secondary control strategies among 143 men and women (73-98 years) who either reported having had or not had an acute event (heart attack or stroke), all of whom had health-related restrictions on everyday tasks and activities. Repeated measures of ANCOVAs tested the between-group effects of gender (men, women) and Acute Event (no, yes) and the within-subject effect, strategy type, on the frequency ratings of multiple control strategies. For men, having suffered an acute health event was unrelated to their use of primary control strategies. In contrast, women who had experienced an acute health event reported significantly less frequent use of primary control strategies than their counterparts who had not, perhaps suggesting that acute health events undermine proactive control striving and precipitate a shift to secondary control. Moreover, women differed significantly from men in their use of secondary control strategies, using them more often and displaying more diversity in their use. By demonstrating that women's use of primary control strategies is related to their past health events and that they adopt secondary control strategies more often than men and in a more differentiated or selective way, our findings underscore the importance of examining gender differences in strategy use during later life.

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“…The Interpretive Folk Beliefs (Swift, Bailis, Chipperfield, Ruthig, & Newall, 2008) is a measure of general belief in the concept of positive reappraisal, and the authors state the items were designed to assess participants' tendency to reinterpret a situation positively rather than control it directly, termed 'secondary control.' The measure development involved older adults (60 years and older) reporting their agreement with five different common expressions such as "negative experiences can often be a blessing in disguise" and "there's a silver lining in every cloud" on a 7-point Likert scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree.…”

Section: Interpretive Folk Beliefsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Report Measures of Positive Reappraisal With a Focus on Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Nowlan

Wuthrich

Rapee

2015

Clinical Gerontologist

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Positive reappraisal is a meaning-based cognitive emotion regulation strategy of identifying positive meaning within negative experiences and is particularly relevant to older adults. There is currently no single accepted self-report measure. We conducted a systematic literature review of existing positive reappraisal self-report measures. Reliability and validity information were reported for all eight measures, with most internal consistency values exceeding .60. However, there were some concerns with factor structure and content validity. After careful review, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, COPE Inventory and Illness Cognition Questionnaire appear to be the most useful and robust measures of positive reappraisal generally, and are also suitable for older adult samples. A more consistent use of measures in the literature will further positive reappraisal research.Positive reappraisal is a meaning-based cognitive emotion regulation strategy of identifying positive meaning in negative experiences. The construct originates from Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) transactional model of stress,

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Gender differences in the adaptive influence of folk beliefs: A longitudinal study of life satisfaction in aging.

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Regret in Later Life: Exploring Relationships between Regret Frequency, Secondary Interpretive Control Beliefs, and Health in Older Individuals

Regret in Later Life: Exploring Relationships between Regret Frequency, Secondary Interpretive Control Beliefs, and Health in Older Individuals

Gender differences in use of primary and secondary control strategies in older adults with major health problems

Self-Report Measures of Positive Reappraisal With a Focus on Older Adults: A Systematic Review

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