Gender differences in the association between multimorbidity and depression in older Korean adults: an analysis of data from the National Survey of Older Koreans (2011-2017)

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have shown that people with multimorbidity have a higher risk of depression than those without multimorbidity. However, few studies have examined the association between depression and multimorbidity in men and women separately. Since the rates of depression and multimorbidity are different in men and women, it is necessary to examine whether gender differences affect their association.METHODS: This study included 30,138 participants (aged ≥ 65 years) from the National Survey of Older Koreans (2011-2017). Depression was defined using the Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS-K). Multimorbidity was defined as people who had 2 or more chronic diseases, including arthritis, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, pulmonary disease, cancer, stroke, or osteoporosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between depression and multimorbidity.RESULTS: In total, 22.2% and 30.7% of men and women, respectively, had depression. Those with multimorbidity had a higher risk of depression than those without chronic conditions; specifically, the difference in risk among men was greater than that among women. Age was considered a moderator for women. While the effects of pulmonary disease, stroke, and cancer were especially substantial in the integrated analysis, gender differences were observed related to various chronic conditions comorbid with heart disease.CONCLUSIONS: There are gender differences in the association between multimorbidity and depression among older Korean adults. Therefore, gender-specific care should be provided to reduce depression in older adults with multimorbidity.

Exploring Factors Associated With Resilience and Physical Activity in Older Men and Women Post-Hip Fracture

“…Also, a prior study has noted that older women with comorbidities were less likely to engage in physical activity than older men (Gomes et al, 2020). However, the findings from this study supported prior evidence suggesting that comorbidities are significantly associated with poor health status in both men and women (Ando et al, 2022) and are differentially associated with levels of depression between older men and women (Hwang et al, 2022). Further work thus is needed to clarify the association between comorbidities and physical activity, health status, or depression among older adults who experienced acute events, focusing on gender differences.…”