Gender differences in the association between unpaid labour and mental health in employed adults: a systematic review

Ervin, Jennifer; Taouk, Yamna; Alfonzo, Ludmila Fleitas; Hewitt, Belinda; King, Tania

doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(22)00160-8

Cited by 45 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Investigating time spent in unpaid labor may however not be sufficient to assess the association between exposure to unpaid labor and mental health. This has also been commented on by Ervin et al [ 10 ] and others [ 11 ]. Different types of domestic work may differ in strain and control over tasks and thus have different implications for mental health.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…One of the studies included in the review was our cross-sectional population study in Sweden [ 14 ]. Ervin et al [ 10 ] reported that, in our study, no association between spending more than 20 h per week in domestic work and self-reported diagnosed depression was found in men whereas a weak inverse association was found with depression in women. This is correct but the authors did not mention that we reported a strong positive association between experiencing domestic work as burdensome and depression in both women and men.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…Ervin et al [ 10 ] concluded in their systematic review that unpaid work among employed adults is negatively associated with women’s mental health, whereas the effects are less apparent in men. Unpaid work was measured as the amount of unpaid labor in the review.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Ervin et al [ 10 ] carried out a systematic review on the association between unpaid (domestic) work and mental health. They concluded that, among employed adults, unpaid labor is negatively associated with women’s mental health, with effects less apparent for men [ 10 ]. Unpaid work was measured as the amount of unpaid labor in the review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association between Time Spent in Domestic Work and Mental Health among Women and Men

Molarius

Metsini

2023

IJERPH

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Background: Unpaid domestic work has been found to be negatively associated with mental health, especially among women, in previous studies but the measures of domestic work vary. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association between time spent in domestic work and mental health in the general population. Method: The study is based on 14,184 women and men aged 30–69 years who responded to a survey questionnaire in Central Sweden in 2017 (overall response rate: 43%). Multivariate logistic regression models, adjusting for age group, educational level, family status, employment status, economic difficulties, and social support, were used to study the association between hours spent in domestic work and depressive symptoms and self-reported diagnosed depression, respectively. Results: In total, 26.7% of the respondents reported depressive symptoms and 8.8% reported diagnosed depression. No independent associations between hours spent in domestic work and depressive symptoms were found. Among women, the lowest prevalence of depression was found among those who spend 11–30 h per week in domestic work. Among men, the prevalence of self-reported diagnosed depression was highest among those who spend 0–2 h per week in domestic work, but no other statistically significant associations between time spent in domestic work and depression were found. In addition, a strong dose–response relationship was found between experiencing domestic work as burdensome and both depressive symptoms and self-reported diagnosed depression among women and men. Conclusion: Investigating time spent in unpaid domestic work may not be sufficient to assess the association between exposure to domestic work and mental health. Conversely, strain in domestic work may be a more important factor contributing to the prevalence of poor mental health in the general population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association between Time Spent in Domestic Work and Mental Health among Women and Men

Molarius

Metsini

2023

IJERPH

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“…Part of this return is the result of shifting understandings of gender roles and the distribution of labour in families. As women entered the public realm via the workplace in roles and numbers too large to disregard, they have collectively continued bearing a disproportionate share of domestic labour (Baxter 2015;Ervin et al 2022;Raday 2019;Sales et al 2021). While this research indicates that the situation is not changing with any great speed, the discrepancy is at least being actively discussed and acknowledged as a problem.…”

Section: Domestic Spacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domesticity and Persona

Barbour

Humphrey

2023

Pers Stud

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Because personas are performances of identity, strategically enacted for an immediate or imagined audience, the study of personas to date has concentrated on the public realm of life. Professional personas enacted in workplaces have taken up much attention, whether for artists, comedians, scientists, actors, musicians, or politicians. Similarly (and often overlapping the professional persona), the performance of self online that is constituted in and through social media has proven a generative space for research. Mediatised personas generally open up a space for understanding persona performances, while the non-human, the institutional, the collectively constituted persona come as a logical extension of the theorisation of persona as strategic identity display.

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Contextual factors in persistent severe back pain: A longitudinal analysis among German employees

Zimmer,

Fauser,

Golla

et al. 2023

European Journal of Pain

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BackgroundChronic back pain in employees compromises participation in social and daily activities, as well as work.ObjectivesTo examine the severity of back pain after 2 years and identify factors predicting stagnation at this level of pain.MethodsData were derived from a prospective cohort study with randomized sampling of insurants in the German Pension Insurance using a questionnaire at baseline and follow‐up after 2 years. The sample consisted of middle‐aged employees (45–59 years) with strong limitations due to back pain (Chronic Pain Grade III or IV), who had not applied for disability pension and did not use medical rehabilitation in the previous 4 years before baseline. Stepwise multivariable logistic regression models with backwards selection were used to identify relevant contextual factors in the stagnation of severe back pain.ResultsOf 1208 persons with severe back pain at baseline, 48% had stagnated at that pain level after 2 years. Predictors of persistent severe back pain were older age, poorer general health, more additional disabling conditions, more depressive symptoms, caregiving burden, less pain‐related self‐efficacy and more fear avoidance beliefs.ConclusionsIn a high‐risk subgroup with several co‐existing conditions, this analysis highlights (mental) health, social and personal (contextual) factors associated with long‐term unfavourable back pain progression.SignificanceBack pain is a condition that often has a chronic or recurrent course, threatening participation in many areas of life. In this study it was found that the unfavourable condition of severe back pain can remain stable for long periods of time in a significant proportion of sufferers. Contextual factors (self‐efficacy, fear‐avoidance beliefs, caregiving burden) as well as additional health problems should be considered when identifying persons with stagnating pain courses.

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Gender differences in the association between unpaid labour and mental health in employed adults: a systematic review

Cited by 45 publications

References 49 publications

The Association between Time Spent in Domestic Work and Mental Health among Women and Men

The Association between Time Spent in Domestic Work and Mental Health among Women and Men

Domesticity and Persona

Contextual factors in persistent severe back pain: A longitudinal analysis among German employees

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