Gender Differences in the Costs and Benefits of Peer Relationships During Adolescence

Moran, Patricia B.; Eckenrode, John

doi:10.1177/074355489164002

Cited by 63 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, a recent study showed that similar pat terns could be identified among adolescents. Adolescent girls gained somewhat fewer benefits (social support) and experienced substantially greater costs (social stress) than males, in their peer relationships (Moran & Eckenrode, 1991). The findings of the present study suggest that the greater susceptibility of females to the "contagion of stress" is related to their increased tendency to assume personal responsibility for the wel fare of others, a tendency that may be fostered and reinforced by tradi tional feminine roles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Gender Differences in Adolescent Depressive Symptomatology: Towards an Integrated Social-Developmental Model

Aubé

Fichman²,

Saltaris³

et al. 2000

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research has consistently shown that females are twice as likely to be depressed as males, and that this difference emerges as early as adolescence. One explanation for this finding is that gender socialization practices may foster the development of a depressogenic interpersonal style in girls. Specifically, traditional feminine so cialization may promote girls to sacrifice their own needs in the service of caring for others, and to inhibit the expression of their own thoughts and preferences in their relationships. The erosion of self this entails may be linked to the experience of depressive symptomatology. The present study tested this hypothesis in a sample of 339 adolescents, finding that those who felt overly responsible for the welfare of others, and who experienced difficulties being assertive in their relationships, ex perienced higher levels of depressive symptomatology. Additionally, greater gen der differentiation was found among older than among younger adolescents on these feminine role-related characteristics, supporting the gender intensification hypothesis. Findings may help explain why females do not show higher levels of depressive symptomatology themselves until after puberty.Females are twice as likely as males to experience an episode of major depression, and are plagued by significantly higher levels of depressive symptomatology throughout most of the lifespan (Nolen-Hoeksema,

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Gender Differences in Adolescent Depressive Symptomatology: Towards an Integrated Social-Developmental Model

Aubé

Fichman²,

Saltaris³

et al. 2000

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consequently, difficulties in interpersonal skill degrade self-esteem in women(34;35), placing them at greater risk for MDD(36–38). Men, on the other hand, are more likely to become depressed in response to status or occupational loss(39;40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-specific disruptions in emotion processing in younger adults with depression

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background One of the principal theories regarding the biological basis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) implicates a dysregulation of emotion processing circuitry. Gender differences in how emotions are processed and relative experience with emotion processing might help to explain some of the disparities in the prevalence of MDD between women and men. The current study sought to explore how gender and depression status relate to emotion processing. Methods This study employed a 2 (MDD status) × 2 (gender) factorial design to explore differences in classifications of posed facial emotional expressions (N = 151). Results For errors, there was an interaction between gender and depression status. Women with MDD made more errors than did non-depressed women and men with MDD, particularly for fearful and sad stimuli (ps < .02), which they were likely to misinterpret as angry (ps < .04). There was also an interaction of diagnosis and gender for response cost for negative stimuli, with significantly greater interference from negative faces present in women with MDD compared with non-depressed women (p = .01). Men with MDD, conversely, performed similarly to control men (p = .61). Conclusions These results provide novel and intriguing evidence that depression in younger adults (< 35 years) differentially disrupts emotion processing in women as compared to men. This interaction could be driven by neurobiological and social learning mechanisms, or interactions between them, and may underlie differences in the prevalence of depression in women and men.

show abstract

“…and Bentler (1992), Hollinger (1985), and Mullis and McKinley (1989) showed that self-esteem The Journul of' Genetic Psychology tively related to measures of masculinity/instrumentality. Moran and Eckenrode (1991) extended the work of Ouellet and Joshi (1986) by demonstrating the link between social support, social stress, and self-esteem among adolescent boys and girls. Knox, Funk, Elliott, and Bush (1996) investigated the relationship of "possible selves" (categories of self-concept) to global self-esteem and found that females' self-esteem is related to multiple domains of possible selves, whereas males' self-esteem is related to only one domain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Gender Differences in Adolescent Self-Esteem: An Exploration of Domains

Quatman

Watson²

2001

The Journal of Genetic Psychology

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relationship between gender and global self-esteem in adolescence, while modest, has been well established, with boys consistently scoring higher than girls. In the present study, we sought to understand gender differences in adolescent self-esteem in terms of its component parts. With a relatively large (n = 545) sample of adolescents, drawn from Grades 8, 10, and 12, we specified 8 domains of adolescent self-esteem (personal security, home/parents, peer popularity, academic competence, attractiveness, personal mastery, psychological permeability, and athletic competence) across a number of different instruments and brought them together into a common assessment superstructure. Gender differences as well as the relative contributions of the different domains to overall self-esteem scores were measured. As predicted, boys attained slightly higher global self-esteem scores than girls did, by a difference of .22 standard deviation units. Contrary to our expectation of more balanced domain effects, boys significantly outperformed girls in 6 of 8 domains, whereas the 2 remaining domains exhibited no significant gender differences. There were no main or interaction effects for grade level. In terms of relative contribution of these domains to global self-esteem for the 2 genders, global self-esteem in boys and girls is predicted in very similar strengths and in the same order of magnitude by identical domains of self-esteem: home/parents, personal security, academic competence, attractiveness, and personal mastery--yielding multiple R2s from .88 to .91.

show abstract

Gender Differences in the Costs and Benefits of Peer Relationships During Adolescence

Cited by 63 publications

References 24 publications

Gender Differences in Adolescent Depressive Symptomatology: Towards an Integrated Social-Developmental Model

Gender Differences in Adolescent Depressive Symptomatology: Towards an Integrated Social-Developmental Model

Gender-specific disruptions in emotion processing in younger adults with depression

Gender Differences in Adolescent Self-Esteem: An Exploration of Domains

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About