Gender Differences in the Effectiveness of Delinquency Prevention Programs

Fagan, Abigail A.; Lindsey, Andrea M.

doi:10.1177/0093854814539801

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Analysing behaviour in the aspect of gender, it is stated that antisocial behaviour is more often demonstrated by male representatives (Hellström and Beckman, 2019). Comparing it with violence and aggression, the same trend is seen, where men are more inclined to demonstrate aggression in their behaviour than women, and this is especially true speaking about direct physical aggression (Fagan and Lindsey, 2014). On the other hand, studies show that female bullying is more often directed at females; while male bullying, both at females and males (Namie and Namie, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gender and age variables of bullying in organized sport: Is bullying “grown out of”?

Vveinhardt¹,

Fominienė²

2019

jhse

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Purpose: The article presents the specificity of bullying in organized sport with regard to sport participants' gender and age variables. Trends in bullying manifestation through such constituents as antisocial behaviour and aggression in sport, bullying actions in sport, previous experiences and memories of bullying, lack of bullying control are analysed. Methodology: The survey was conducted employing Bullying and Harassment in Sport Questionnaire (BHISQ). A sample of 382 youth amateur athletes (adolescents and young adults), involved in different sports, participated in this study. Written and online surveys and statistical data analysis were chosen. Analyses were made applying Mann-Whitney U test to gender analyses and Kruskal-Wallis H test to three age groups. Findings: Athletes men are more aggressive physically, verbally or non-verbally than women. Men, not only as a bullies, but also in the role of a victim, are more expressive than women in addition, it has been found that persons who were bullied in the past also apply the same negative behaviour themselves in sport activities later. Athletes' age has a significant influence on the form of bullying as older persons use a more refined arsenal of means of negative behaviour. Although it has been found that male's use bullying more often, it is noted that the environment legitimizing aggressiveness may influence greater openness of men, which should be taken into account in future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gender and age variables of bullying in organized sport: Is bullying “grown out of”?

Vveinhardt¹,

Fominienė²

2019

jhse

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“…For example, they may examine student survey results separately by gender to determine if males and females report different levels of risk and protective factor exposure and ensure that prevention programs address the needs of both sexes. Analyses of gender differences in the impact of community-based interventions and greater theoretical attention to differences in exposure to and salience of community influences for males and females are important as to date little such work exists (Fagan and Lindsey 2014; Zahn and Browne 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, there is some evidence that males and females vary in levels of and susceptibility to risk and protective factors related to problem behaviors (Fagan et al 2007; Kumpfer et al 2008), which would suggest that interventions designed to alter these factors may have differential effects by gender. Third, the impact of prevention programs has varied by gender in some evaluations, with some programs showing stronger effects for females and others showing stronger effects for males (Fagan and Lindsey 2014). Some programs have also shown harmful effects for one sex or the other, for example, increasing substance use and other behavioral health problems instead of reducing them (Sloboda et al 2009; Yin and Ware 2000).…”

Section: Gender Differences In the Impact Of Ctcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some programs have also shown harmful effects for one sex or the other, for example, increasing substance use and other behavioral health problems instead of reducing them (Sloboda et al 2009; Yin and Ware 2000). However, no clear patterns have emerged regarding the types of programs or outcomes most likely to vary by gender (Fagan and Lindsey 2014). Fourth, analyses of data from the trial of CTC have suggested that males were somewhat more likely than females to benefit from CTC in Grades 8 and 10 (Oesterle et al 2010, 2014).…”

Section: Gender Differences In the Impact Of Ctcmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Communities That Care on Males’ and Females’ Drug Use and Delinquency 9 Years After Baseline in a Community‐Randomized Trial

Oesterle

Hawkins

Kuklinski

et al. 2015

American J of Comm Psychol

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This study tested sustained effects of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system on health-risking behaviors 9 years after baseline in a community-randomized trial involving 24 towns in seven states. Earlier analyses found sustained effects on abstinence from drug use and delinquency through Grade 12 in a panel of fifth graders. At age 19, 91 % (n = 3986) of the living panel completed the survey. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. The prevalence of lifetime and current substance use and delinquency were the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included substance use disorders, major depression, suicidality, educational attainment, and sexual risk behaviors. CTC had a significant overall effect across lifetime measures of the primary outcomes for males, but not for females or the full sample, although lifetime abstinence from delinquency in the full sample was significantly higher in CTC communities (ARR = 1.16). Males in CTC communities also continued to show greater lifetime abstinence from cigarette smoking (ARR = 1.22). CTC did not have a sustained effect on current substance use and delinquency nor did it improve the secondary outcomes at age 19 for either gender. Communities using CTC may need to extend their prevention planning to include the high school years to sustain effects on drug use and delinquency beyond high school for both genders.

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“…A growing body of evidence has suggested that prevention programs can have differential impact by gender (Blake, Amaro, Schwartz, & Flinchbaugh, 2001; Fagan & Lindsey, 2014; Foley, 2008). Prior analyses have found that CTC produced greater reductions in use of alcohol and smokeless tobacco among boys than girls by Grade 8 (Oesterle, Hawkins, Fagan, Abbott, & Catalano, 2010) and a marginally greater reduction in delinquency for boys than for girls in Grade 10 (Oesterle et al, 2014).…”

Section: Subgroup Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Sustained Effects of Communities That Care on Youth Protective Factors

Kim

Oesterle

Hawkins

et al. 2015

Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research

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Objective The Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system seeks to build community capacity for a science-based approach to the promotion of healthy youth development. Prior research shows the positive effects of CTC on youth protective factors during CTC implementation. This research tests sustained effects of CTC on youth protective factors 1 year after external support to communities for CTC implementation ended. Method Data come from a community-randomized trial of CTC in 24 communities across 7 states. A panel of 4,407 youth in CTC and control communities was surveyed annually from Grade 5 through Grade 10. Youth reported their exposure to protective factors identified in the social development model. Global test statistics are calculated to examine effects of CTC across 15 protective factors in 5 domains (community, school, family, peer, and individual) assessed in Grade 10, 1 year after study support for CTC implementation ended. Analyses also examine variation in sustained effects by gender and baseline risk levels. Results Global effects of CTC on protective factors across all domains are not sustained in Grade 10. However, sustained domain-specific effects are observed in the individual domain for males, in the peer domain for females, and in the individual domain for youth with low-to-medium risk at baseline. Conclusions Greater emphasis on strengthening protective factors during high school might be needed to sustain broad effects of CTC on protective factors observed during middle school.

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Gender Differences in the Effectiveness of Delinquency Prevention Programs

Cited by 26 publications

References 93 publications

Gender and age variables of bullying in organized sport: Is bullying “grown out of”?

Gender and age variables of bullying in organized sport: Is bullying “grown out of”?

Effects of Communities That Care on Males’ and Females’ Drug Use and Delinquency 9 Years After Baseline in a Community‐Randomized Trial

Assessing Sustained Effects of Communities That Care on Youth Protective Factors

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