Gender Differences in the Fatigability of the Inspiratory Muscles

Gonzales, Joaquin U.; Scheuermann, Barry W.

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000189318.80061.fe

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Therefore, sex differences in sympathetic vasomotor outflow in the present study might be attributable to less metabolic accumulation within the respiratory muscles in women. In line with this, women also exhibit greater inspiratory muscle fatigue resistance than men (Gonzales & Scheuermann, ; Guenette et al., ). Sex differences in muscle morphology and substrate utilization are likely to contribute to the attenuated metabolite accumulation and greater inspiratory muscle fatigue resistance reported in women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Elevated sympathetic vasomotor outflow in response to increased inspiratory muscle activity during exercise is less in young women compared with men

Katayama

Smith

Goto

et al. 2018

Experimental Physiology

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We compared changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and cardiovascular variables during leg cycle exercise with increased inspiratory muscle resistance in men and women. We hypothesized that sympathetic vasomotor outflow during exercise with increased inspiratory resistance would be attenuated in young women compared with age-matched men. Eight women and seven men completed the study. The subjects performed two 10 min exercise bouts at 40% peak oxygen uptake using a cycle ergometer in a semirecumbent position [spontaneous breathing for 5 min and voluntary hyperventilation with or without inspiratory resistive breathing for 5 min (breathing frequency 50 breaths min with a 50% duty cycle; inspiratory resistance 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure)]. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was acquired using finger photoplethysmography. The MSNA was recorded via microneurography of the right median nerve at the cubital fossa. During leg cycle exercise with inspiratory resistive breathing, MSNA burst frequency was increased, accompanied by an increase in MAP in both men and women. Women, compared with men, had less of an increase in MAP (women +22.8 ± 12.3 mmHg versus men +32.2 ± 5.4 mmHg; P < 0.05) and MSNA burst frequency (women +9.6 ± 2.9 bursts min versus men +14.6 ± 6.4 bursts min ; P < 0.05). These results suggest that the attenuated inspiratory muscle-induced metaboreflex during exercise in young women is attributable, in part, to a lesser sympathetic vasomotor outflow compared with men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Elevated sympathetic vasomotor outflow in response to increased inspiratory muscle activity during exercise is less in young women compared with men

Katayama

Smith

Goto

et al. 2018

Experimental Physiology

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“…Only two previous studies have compared inspiratory muscle endurance time between men and women. Using flow‐resistive loads (70% MIP, 18 breaths min −1 , 0.5 duty cycle; calculated TTI = 0.35), Gonzales and Scheuermann () found no significant sex‐based difference in time to task failure despite women on average lasting 13% longer (M, 12.3 min; W, 14.1 min). Similarly, Shimizu et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in diaphragmatic fatigue: the cardiovascular response to inspiratory resistance

Welch

Archiza

Guenette

et al. 2018

The Journal of Physiology

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Diaphragmatic fatigue (DF) elicits reflexive increases in sympathetic vasomotor outflow (i.e. metaboreflex). There is some evidence suggesting women may be more resistant to DF compared to men, and therefore may experience an attenuated inspiratory muscle metaboreflex. To this end, we sought to examine the cardiovascular response to inspiratory resistance in healthy young men (n = 9, age = 24 ± 3 years) and women (n = 9, age = 24 ± 3 years). Subjects performed isocapnic inspiratory pressure-threshold loading (PTL, 60% maximal inspiratory mouth pressure) to task failure. Diaphragmatic fatigue was assessed by measuring transdiaphragmatic twitch pressure (P ) using cervical magnetic stimulation. Heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured beat-by-beat throughout PTL via photoplethysmography, and low-frequency systolic pressure (LF ; a surrogate for sympathetic vasomotor tone) calculated from arterial waveforms using power spectrum analysis. At PTL task failure, the degree of DF was similar between sexes (∼23% reduction in P ; P = 0.33). However, time to task failure was significantly longer in women than in men (27 ± 11 vs. 16 ± 11 min, respectively; P = 0.02). Women exhibited less of an increase in HR (13 ± 8 vs. 19 ± 12 bpm; P = 0.02) and MAP (10 ± 8 vs. 14 ± 9 mmHg; P = 0.01), and significantly lower LF (23 ± 11 vs. 34 ± 8 mmHg ; P = 0.04) during PTL compared to men. An attenuation of the inspiratory muscle metaboreflex may influence limb and respiratory muscle haemodynamics with implications for exercise performance.

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“…The absence of sex‐related differences in fatigability during sustained and intermittent volitional contractions under ischaemic conditions (Russ & Kent‐Braun, 2003; Clark et al 2005), where blood flow is no longer a factor, and the observation that during sustained contractions the time to fatigue is a function of absolute force (Hunter & Enoka, 2001; Hunter et al 2006 b ) support this view. In contrast, the increased fatigability in men during intermittent submaximal isometric contractions is not dependent on maximal strength (Hunter et al 2004 b ; Gonzales & Scheuermann, 2006) and even when matched for absolute strength, men were more fatigable than women during both intermittent and sustained contractions (Fulco et al 1999; Hunter et al 2004 b ; Gonzales & Scheuermann, 2006). Consequently, there remains uncertainty as to whether differences in blood flow to the working muscles can explain the differences in fatigability of men and women.…”

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confidence: 80%

Sex differences in contractile properties and fatigue resistance of human skeletal muscle

Wüst

Morse

Haan

et al. 2008

Experimental Physiology

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114

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To explore the cause of higher skeletal muscle fatigue resistance in women than men, we used electrically evoked contractions (1 s on, 1 s off, 30 Hz, 2 min), which circumvent motivational bias and allow examination of contractile properties. We compared 29 men [26.5 (7.0) years old; mean (S.D.)] with 35 women [25.4 (7.6) years old]. Strength of the quadriceps muscle was higher in men than women (P < 0.001). The lower maximal rate of relaxation in women (P = 0.002) indicates that their muscles were slower than those of men. The torque declined less in women than in men [37.7 (10.7) versus 29.9 (10.0)%; P = 0.002], and was not related to muscle strength or size, as determined with magnetic resonance imaging. The sex difference in fatigability was also seen when the circulation to the leg was occluded [torque declined 76.9 (10.8) versus 59.5 (16.9)% in men versus women, respectively; P = 0.008]. The maximal rate of relaxation correlated with the fatigability of the muscle under all conditions (correlations ranging from 0.34 to 0.51, P < 0.02). We conclude that the sex-related difference in skeletal muscle fatigue resistance is not explicable by differences in motivation, muscle size, oxidative capacity and/or blood flow between sexes, but might be related to differences in fibre type composition.

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Gender Differences in the Fatigability of the Inspiratory Muscles

Abstract: The results provide some evidence that the fatigability of the inspiratory muscles is different between genders. Females demonstrated a slower rate of fatigue during resistive breathing than males, a finding independent of muscle strength.

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

Elevated sympathetic vasomotor outflow in response to increased inspiratory muscle activity during exercise is less in young women compared with men

Elevated sympathetic vasomotor outflow in response to increased inspiratory muscle activity during exercise is less in young women compared with men

Sex differences in diaphragmatic fatigue: the cardiovascular response to inspiratory resistance

Sex differences in contractile properties and fatigue resistance of human skeletal muscle

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