Gender Differences in the Impact of Depression on Cognitive Decline Among Korean Older Adults

Hwang, Jongnam; Kim, Seongju; Kim, Sujin

doi:10.1177/1010539520961715

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In the decision tree analysis in the present status, age, which had the greatest impact on cognitive impairment, served as the first layer of this model. Cognitive impairment rates were found to gradually rise with age, in line with prior data from other studies conducted in China and abroad (13,(36)(37)(38).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Correlates of cognitive impairment in the elderly in China: A cross-sectional study

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundTo identify correlates of the incidence of cognitive impairment among older Chinese populations through the use of logistic regression analysis-based decision tree approaches.MethodsCorrelates of cognitive impairment among older Chinese adults were identified through logistic regression analyses, with significant variables subsequently being incorporated into a decision tree analysis, with the CHAID method being employed for pre-pruning.ResultsThe risk score derived from the combination of logistic regression and decision tree analyses (0.237) was lower than that derived from a decision tree analysis alone (0.389). The primary factors related cognitive impairment in this patient population included age, gender, residence status, physical health status, and caring for grandchildren.ConclusionA combination of logistic regression and decision tree analyses can lower predicted risk scores, enabling the subdivision of populations with different characteristics and providing intuitive and specific insight regarding the effects of individual variables on predictive analyses. Overall, these results suggest that older adults in rural areas of China should be the focus of further cognitive impairment screening and interventions, particularly for older women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Correlates of cognitive impairment in the elderly in China: A cross-sectional study

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…One possible reason is that the number of older adults participating in formal activities in our sample was much smaller than those participating in informal activities, suggesting potential insu cient power for detecting the interaction effect. Additionally, the cognitive functioning of older adults was in uenced by a bunch of factors, including demographic factors, mental health conditions, and so on [8, 9,10,11,12,13,14,22]. A nonsigni cant interaction effect might be a result of the highly complex interrelationships among these factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We controlled for variables that have been shown to affect cognition in addition to depressive symptoms and social participation, including age, gender, education level, marital status, and location of residential address [9,10,11,12,13,14].…”

Section: Control Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Social Participation Modify the Association Between Depression and Cognitive Functioning among Older Adults in China? A Secondary Analysis Based on CHARLS

Zheng

Guo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Cognitive impairment and depression have a tremendous impact on the mental health and well-being of older adults in China. As previous studies showed the beneficial effect of social participation on cognitive functioning and depression, social participation has great implications for older Chinese adults’ mental health. However, few studies investigated the influence of specific types of social participation on the relationship between depression and cognitive functioning. The current study explored which specific types of social activities alleviate cognitive impairment in older adults in China and whether social participation moderates the influence of depression on their cognitive functioning. Methods The study conducted hierarchical regression analysis on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) dataset of 5,056 older adults. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was employed to measure the cognitive performance of the subjects, and the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) was utilized to evaluate depressive symptoms. Descriptive statistical analysis was first conducted to describe the demographic information and the distribution of MMSE and CESD-10 scores of the studied subjects. Then, hierarchical regression analysis was performed to test the best fit of constructed step-wise models that reflect the main effect of depression on cognitive functioning (Model 1), the main effects of formal and informal social participation, and the interaction between social participation and depression on cognitive functioning (Model 2 & 3), and the main effects of social participation broken down into specific categories as well as their interactions with depression on cognitive functioning, respectively (Model 4 & 5). We controlled for demographic factors such as age and gender in each model and the influence of depression in Model 2, 3, 4, and 5. Results Older Chinese adults in the CHARLS database demonstrated varying degrees of cognitive impairment (M = 20.96, SD = 5.62), given that an MMSE score of 23 or lower indicates dementia. The subjects also manifested “minimal” to “moderate-severe” depression (M = 8.78, SD = 6.67) with a CESD-10 cut-off score of 10 implying cases of depression. Regression results showed that depression had a significant negative main effect on older Chinese adults’ cognitive functioning across all Models. Participating in both formal and informal social activities mitigated cognitive decline among older adults in China. When social participation was broken down in types, “playing mahjong, chess, or cards or going to a community club”, “going to a sport, social or other kinds of the club”, “taking part in a community-related organization”, and “investing in stock” positively associated with the MMSE scoring of older Chinese adults. No interaction between the overall or specific types of social participation and depression was found. Conclusion Overall, the study revealed the benefit of social participation on the mental health and well-being of older adults in China, particularly favoring informal social activities. The implications of this study are relevant to the areas of public policy and public health, such as creating social venues for older adults and organizing social activities for the older population. These could improve the life satisfaction of older adults and reduce the burden on the Chinese health system.

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“…Moreover, impairment in cognitive ability carries risks for severe loss of cognitive functioning such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease [6,7,8]. Studies have shown that demographic factors contributing to cognitive functioning include gender, age, education, living style, and many other aspects [8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. Supported by previous studies, Zhang and colleagues [9] found that higher odds for cognitive impairment is significantly associated with female, older age, lower education level, living alone with no spousal support, less income, worse psychological well-being, less fresh fruit and vegetable intake, lower social engagement, and more activities of daily living limitations [15,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Social Participation Modify the Association Between Depression and Cognitive Functioning among Older Adults in China? A Secondary Analysis Based on CHARLS

MA,

Zheng,

Guo

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Cognitive impairment and depression significantly affect the mental health of older Chinese adults. While previous studies highlighted the positive impact of social participation on cognitive functioning and depression, research on its specific types and their influence on the depression-cognitive relationship is limited. This study investigated which social activities mitigate cognitive impairment and if they moderate depression's effect on cognitive functioning in older Chinese adults. Methods The study conducted hierarchical regression analysis on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) dataset of 5,056 older adults. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was employed to measure the cognitive performance of the subjects, and the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) was utilized to evaluate depressive symptoms. Hierarchical regression analysis tested the fit of step-wise models: Model 1 examined the main effect of depression on cognitive functioning; Model 2 & 3 assessed the main and interactive effects of formal and informal social participation; and Model 4 & 5 evaluated the effects of specific social participation categories and their interactions with depression on cognitive functioning. Results Regression results indicated that depression significantly impacted older Chinese adults' cognitive functioning in all models. Engaging in both formal and informal social activities reduced cognitive decline among these adults. Specific activities like "playing mahjong, chess, or cards," "attending clubs or community organizations," and "stock investing" positively correlated with the MMSE scores. No interaction was observed between any form of social participation and depression. Conclusion The study highlighted the positive impact of social participation, especially informal activities, on the mental health of older Chinese adults. Its findings have implications for public policy and health, suggesting the need for social venues and activities for older adults. This could enhance their life satisfaction and ease the load on China's health system.

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Gender Differences in the Impact of Depression on Cognitive Decline Among Korean Older Adults

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Correlates of cognitive impairment in the elderly in China: A cross-sectional study

Correlates of cognitive impairment in the elderly in China: A cross-sectional study

Does Social Participation Modify the Association Between Depression and Cognitive Functioning among Older Adults in China? A Secondary Analysis Based on CHARLS

Does Social Participation Modify the Association Between Depression and Cognitive Functioning among Older Adults in China? A Secondary Analysis Based on CHARLS

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