Gender differences in the prevalence of nonsuicidal self-injury: A meta-analysis

Direct and indirect forms of childhood maltreatment and nonsuicidal self-injury among clinically-referred children and youth

“…Indeed, several studies have reflected that adolescent females are more likely to engage in NSSI than adolescent males (Bresin and Schoenleber, 2015;Gandhi et al, 2015;Sornberger et al, 2012), although some studies suggest these differences are less pronounced in adulthood (Andover et al, 2010). We also found that the average age of participants in the NSSI group was 13, compared to participants without a history of NSSI (age¼11.5).…”

Self-Mutilation Among Patients With Psychiatric Disorders Referred to Lavasani Hospital, 2013 - 2014

“…Age and gender had no effect on the site and tools of self-mutilation but type of disorder showed a significant relationship. (17) demonstrated that factors such as female gender, the simultaneous presence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and dissociative symptoms were effective on the possibility of self-mutilation. In our study, only the type of psychiatric disease showed a significant relationship with self-mutilation and age and gender of the patients had no effect on this area.…”

Nonsuicidal self‐injury in men: a serious problem that has been overlooked for too long

“…The discrepancy in sex differences observed between clinical and population-based studies of NSSI may be due to the fact that women are more likely to seek out psychiatric treatment than men 9 . Sample selection practices might also help to explain this discrepancy, as clinical settings that have a preponderance of male patients (e.g., veterans' hospitals) are likely to be under-utilized in NSSI research.…”

“…However, contemporary population-based studies of NSSI have consistently failed to find evidence for sex differences in rates of NSSI among adults 2,8 . A recent metaanalysis including many clinical studies concluded that "women are slightly more likely than men to engage in NSSI", but the overall rate of NSSI identified among males (26.36%) was still remarkably high 9 .…”

“…The above-mentioned meta-analysis explored sex differences in NSSI methods and found that females were more likely than males to engage in cutting, biting, scratching, and hair pulling 9 . Wall/object punching was not included among the twelve NSSI methods considered in the meta-analysis.…”