Gender Differences in Work and Well-Being: Effects of Exposure and Vulnerability

Roxburgh, Susan

doi:10.2307/2137296

Cited by 213 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…There are also important gender differences in perceived control and in self-esteem, with women reporting lower levels of both resources than men (Mirowsky & Ross, 1989;Turner & Roszell, 1994); although women do report higher levels of social support (Umberson, Chen, Hopkins & Slaten, 1996). Research using mulitivariate analysis shows that when differential exposure to the structural, behavioural and psycho-social determinants of health are used as mediators between gender and health, gender differences in health are only partly explained (McDonough & Walters, 2001;Roxburgh, 1996;Walters, McDonough & Strohschein, 2002).…”

Section: Differential Exposure Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And while research has shown that women are more likely to hold jobs with lower levels of substantive complexity and control over tasks (Pugliesi, 1995;Roxburgh, 1996), there is little evidence that women are more vulnerable to job strain (Roxburgh, 1996). Research is also unclear on gender differences in vulnerability to psychological resources for health.…”

Section: Differential Vulnerability Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender differences in health: a Canadian study of the psychosocial, structural and behavioural determinants of health

Denton

Prus

Walters

2004

Social Science & Medicine

597

493

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Section: Differential Exposure Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Differential Vulnerability Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in health: a Canadian study of the psychosocial, structural and behavioural determinants of health

Denton

Prus

Walters

2004

Social Science & Medicine

597

493

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“…A vast amount of literature considers males as more prone to react aggressively to provocation (Baron, Neuman, Geddes, 1999;Bettencourt & Miller, 1996;Eagly & Steffen, 1986;Rutter & Hine, 2005) and females as more prone to experience states of negative affectivity (Krampen, Effertz, Jostock, & Muller, 1990). Moreover, the literature on work stress has suggested that females can be more vulnerable to work stressors (differential vulnerability hypothesis) and more expose to work stressors (differential exposure hypothesis) (Day & Livingstone, 2003;McDonough & Walters, 2001;Narayanan, Menon, & Spector, 1999;Roxburgh, 1996).…”

Section: Aims and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of irritability in the relation between job stressors, emotional reactivity, and counterproductive work behaviour

Fida

Paciello

Barbaranelli

et al. 2012

European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology

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Researchers have stressed the importance of assessing individual differences in personality as an approach to understanding aggressive and deviant conduct across different contexts. This study investigated the moderation role of irritability, a specific aggression-related disposition, in the process of work stressors that are conducive to counterproductive work behavior (CWB) within the stressor-emotion model. From a total sample of 1,147 Italian workers (53.5% women), high-and low-irritability groups were identified. Then, using a multi-group structural equations model, we simultaneously examined all the relations in both high-and low-irritability groups, and investigated whether these relations were different between them. Results showed that job stressors elicited negative emotions that, in turn, lead to CWB. Moreover, only in high-irritability group some job stressors influenced CWB also directly. Overall irritability moderated mainly the relation among job stressors and CWB but not the relation among job stressors and negative emotions, with the only exception of role conflict. As well, irritability did not moderate the relation between emotion and CWB. Thus, high-irritability employees may be more prone to react aggressively to job stressors via multiple functioning paths. The principal differences between low-and high-irritability individuals could be how they manage the impact of perceived stressors on emotions and behavior.

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“…Evidence showing a link between job stress and depressive symptoms has been accumulated during the past two decades [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . Research has generally utilized two theoretical models, i.e., the job demand-control (JDC) model 7) and the effort-reward imbalance (ERI ) model 19) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Depressive Symptoms among Workers in Small‐ and Medium‐scale Manufacturing Enterprises in Japan

Ikeda

Nakata

Takahashi

et al. 2009

Journal of Occupational Health

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Although the relationship between job stress and depressive symptoms has been well documented among workers in large scale enterprises, the situation in small-and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) is not fully understood. Objectives: To clarify the factors associated with depressive symptoms in SMEs in Japan. Methods: 1,516 male and 738 female Japanese workers at SMEs were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. We applied hierarchical multiple linear regression with depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depressive Symptoms Scale) as the dependent variable, and (1) Individual, (2) Lifestyle, (3) Job stressors, and (4) SME unique factors as independent variables entered in 4 steps. Analyses were stratified by sex due to large differences in stress scores and demographic variables. Results: Perceived lack of understanding from others with regard to health was the strongest factor associated with increased depressive symptoms (BETA=0.29 in males and 0.28 in females). Higher intragroup conflict (BETA=0.15 in males and 0.09 in females), perceived job future ambiguity (BETA=0.09 in males and 0.11 in females), higher quantitative workload (BETA=0.06 in males and 0.10 in females), and being an employer or a member of the employer's family (BETA=0.06 in males and 0.10 in females) were additional factors associated with high depressive symptoms. Economic concern, being single, cigarette smoking, shorter sleep duration, and skill underutilization were male specific, while younger age and lower social support at work were female specific factors significantly associated with increased depressive symptoms. Conclusions: These data suggest that poor mental health may be prevented by creating a workplace climate which focuses on the high value of the health of fellow workers. (J Occup Health 2009; 51: 26-37)

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Gender Differences in Work and Well-Being: Effects of Exposure and Vulnerability

Cited by 213 publications

References 38 publications

Gender differences in health: a Canadian study of the psychosocial, structural and behavioural determinants of health

Gender differences in health: a Canadian study of the psychosocial, structural and behavioural determinants of health

The role of irritability in the relation between job stressors, emotional reactivity, and counterproductive work behaviour

Correlates of Depressive Symptoms among Workers in Small‐ and Medium‐scale Manufacturing Enterprises in Japan

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