Gender Differentials in Livelihood Practices Among Semi-Settled Agropastoralists in Southwestern Nigeria

Abstract

The study examined the differences in gender roles among agropastoralists in Southwestern Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 300 respondents for the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Findings show that cattle rearing and crop production were the major responsibilities of old males. Food preparation, environmental sanitation, and child rearing were the major roles of females. Major constraints to livelihood activities of agropastoralists were inadequate finance/credit facilities, insufficient veterinary doctors, and lack of production information. Significant relationships exist in livelihood practices, constraints, and roles/responsibilities among male and female agropastoralists.

Factors Leading to Success in Diversified Occupation: A Livelihood Analysis in India

“…The significant Chi-square value indicates that there was significant difference between the observed and expected frequencies implying that those deriving benefits from their sound financial resource were significant in number of success in comparison to those who were unsuccessful due to their weak financial resources. The findings is in conformity with the findings of Coppard (2001), Hahn, Riederer, and Foster (2009), Odebode and Okoro (2012). Barrett, Reardon, and Patrick (2001) in this regards concluded that only those households that are well-endowed with assets can move into lucrative niches and, thus, accumulation-led diversification tends to be available only to limited sub-populations.…”

“…The significant 'χ 2 ' value also points out that as compared to unsuccessful diversifiers, the successful group perceived information as one of the importance factors in success of diversification. Odebode and Okoro (2012) found in their study in Southern Nigeria that information on their productive ventures was one of the most severe constraint faced by women agro-pastoralists in their livelihood activities. Focusing on the interconnections between livelihood and the multiple strategies that groups and individuals undertake to improve their wellbeing, Barrett and Swallow (2004) argue that proper need-based information through agricultural extension services needs to be tailored to achieve households' livelihood securities.…”