Gender Differentiation in Intergenerational Care-Giving and Migration Choices

Abstract

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. We are indebted to three reviewers for thoughtful advice, and to Alfonso Sousa-Poza for guidance and encouragement. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractWe weave together care-giving, gender, and migration. We hypothesize that daughters who are mothers have a stronger incentive than sons who are fathers to demonstrate to their children the appropriate way of caring for one's parents. The reason underlying this hypothesis is that women on average live longer than men, they tend to marry men who are older than they are and, thus, they are more likely than men to spend their last years without a spouse. Because it is more effective and less costly to care for parents if they

Intergenerational Solidarity With Grandparents in Emerging Adulthood: Associations With Providing Support to Older Parents in Established Adulthood

“…We speculate that young adults’ tight-knit relationships with grandparents may have been influenced by their own parents’ tight-knit relationships with those grandparents. In other words, it is possible that young adults as children witnessed their parents caring for their older grandparents making the former more likely to support their parents—the so-called demonstration effect of modeling desired behavior to one’s children (Stark & Cukrowska-Torzewska, 2018). We recommend that future studies address the transmission of intergenerational solidarity from grandparent–parent dyads to parent–grandchild dyads over the family life course (Hank et al, 2017).…”

Childlessness, geographical proximity and non-family support in 12 European countries

“…When the need for regular help becomes substantial, it may also trigger geographical rapprochement between family members (Smits et al , 2010). Many studies found that adult children and ageing parents choose to co-reside, settle down or relocate to live in close vicinity of each other in order to facilitate the provision of help (Rogerson et al , 1997; Mulder, 2007; Pettersson and Malmberg, 2009; Heylen et al , 2012; Seltzer and Friedman, 2014; Stark and Cukrowska-Torzewska, 2018). By analogy, the availability of local persons willing to help encourages residence at a distance or even the undertaking of migration, as in the case of Romanian young adults, who appeared to be more likely to move abroad when they had a sibling living in the parental household or in its close proximity (Zimmer et al , 2013).…”

Gender Differences in Access to Health Care Among the Elderly: Evidence from Southeast Asia

“…Across countries, families are using their own unpaid labor, especially that of women, to provide care for older family members (Stark 2005). Unpaid care for older men is often provided by spouses, while for women it is provided by other family members, especially by daughters, as documented for the Republic of Korea (Yoon 2014), the People's Republic of China (Chen et al 2018), and Western Europe (Stark and Cukrowska-Torzewska 2018). One outcome is lower hospitalization rates for elderly people living with family members compared to the elderly who live alone, an outcome observed in Mexico (González-González et al 2011).…”