Gender Discrimination – Prevailing State In Pakistan

Pervez, Sara; Iraqi, Khalid Mahmood

doi:10.46568/pjgs.v16i1.121

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…While 23.8 slightly less than (one quarter) perceived that the women labourers "always" faced gender disparity in work opportunities. Pervez and Iraqi (2018) also supported that discrimination based on gender is the most pervasive issue in less income countries, including Pakistan. Moreover, ILO (2018) and Moreira da Silva (2019) also reinforced that the proportion of women as unpaid workers is 76.2 percent at the global level, which is 3.2 times greater than un-paid men.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

An Analysis of Socio-Economic Vulnerability of Women Waged Labourers in Agriculture Sector in Punjab, Pakistan

Nazir,

Khan,

Maan

et al. 2023

J. educ. soc. stud.

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Rural women are the key players in agricultural development in Pakistan. Despite their considerable role as waged labourers, they are vulnerable under the broader patriarchal societal construct. Considering these facts, this study analyzed the socio-economic vulnerability of women-waged labourers in the agriculture sector in Punjab, Pakistan. A multistage sampling technique was adopted for sample selection. At the initial stage, Punjab province was selected purposively. In the second stage, three cropping zones (rice-wheat, cotton-wheat- maize and vegetable-mixed cropping), and subsequently, in the third stage, three districts (Nankana Sahib, Vehari, and Faisalabad) were selected purposively. Six union councils (two from each district) were selected randomly in the fourth stage. In the fifth stage, 450 respondents, 150 from each district, were interviewed using snowball sampling. A structured interview schedule was developed in accordance with research objectives. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results indicated that the majority of the labourers, 55.0 percent, were 30 and above year’s age group, and 65.1 percent were illiterate. 70.0 percent of respondents were married, and 41.8 percent worked more often on 1-2 km distant agricultural farms. 46.4 percent spend seven and above working hours, and 35.4 percent’s daily wages were Rs. 251-300. 54.0 percent of respondents’ employers preferred the mode of payment as daily wages, while 69.1 percent of labourers preferred the daily mode of payment. 60.9 percent experienced gender disparity mainly due to socio-cultural aspects that contribute to their economic vulnerability. It was recommended that education facilities should be provided in such remote areas. Women’s work should be recognized by eliminating gender disparity in socio-economic aspects in particular and in all aspects in general to upgrade their socio-economic well-being.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

An Analysis of Socio-Economic Vulnerability of Women Waged Labourers in Agriculture Sector in Punjab, Pakistan

Nazir,

Khan,

Maan

et al. 2023

J. educ. soc. stud.

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“…Gender disparity is the consequence of chronic prejudice against a particular community of individuals on the grounds of sexuality which expresses itself distinctly in terms of ethnicity, community, ideology, continent, and financial status. It is often viewed as a causative component in abuse towards women (Pervez & Iraqi, 2018;Showunmi & Kaparou, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Equality in Islam and Gender Biased Discrimination in Global Muslim Societies: Analytic and Critical Evaluation

Tirmizi

Rauf

Sultana

et al. 2021

HSSR

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Purpose of the study: The main aim of this study is to stipulate the practical elucidation for the act in spotting sustaining ways of discrimination as well as inequality against the female children, obliterating ways, and practices that are harmful in fulfilling the rights of the females and prescribing an efficient policy for the protection and promotion of these rights. Methodology: Analytical and critical evaluation techniques have been used in executing this research study. Ongoing gender-based discrimination in societies of Muslim worlds has been analysed through various sources including published journal articles, news articles, and books, etc. These analytical studies are then critically evaluated in the light of the Holy Quran and Sunnah as primary study resources. Main Findings: Education helps in breaking the model of gender discrimination and creates permanent changes for the females in the developing states inclusive of Pakistan, among others. Pakistan has hardly invested in educational sectors, and specifically in the education of women. The education of girls leads to extensive social changes. Educated females are very significant to terminate this rapidly growing notion of gender discrimination. Application of study: This study is applicable in the domain of gender studies in the perspective of global Islamic societies, in comprehension of the drawbacks of this norm faced by the societies, and the consequences of gender discrimination. The novelty of this study: To the best of my knowledge this study explores the concept of gender inequality in the light of the Quran and Sunnah and gender discrimination in the society of Pakistan. Furthermore, it addresses the bill passed by the national assembly of Pakistan in context to the protection of Women’s property rights in 2020 and its religious significances and advantages of observing this bill.

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“…They have fewer chances of appointment. Males supremacy in the workplace creates many issues for working women, such as fewer chances of career development, fewer chances of selection, no work appraisal, fewer opportunities for promotion, and face workplace harassment (Pervez & Iraqi, 2018;Shah et al, 2019). No doubt, the working woman is more empowered than a woman who stays with four walls of the home, but at the workplace, if she faces workplace harassment, this fare discourages her to apply for the jobs.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workplace Harassment and Job Satisfaction: A Sociological Study among Female Employees of Quetta (Balochistan)

Anwar¹,

Khan²,

Sardar³

2021

J. manag. pract. humanit I am. sci

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This study focused on the impact of workplace harassment on the job satisfaction of female workers. Harassment is a common issue in every level of employment. Workplace harassment includes verbal, psychological, and physical torture to harass working women. Women face abusive situations at the workplace based on their class, caste, social status, sexual direction. Workplace bullying affects women's level of job satisfaction. Job Satisfaction is the behavior of employees towards their experiences related to the services. This study aims to examine the effects of harassment on the job satisfaction of working women in Quetta (Balochistan). Therefore, the sample was selected from higher educational institutes and educational directorates of Quetta. The structured questionnaire was distributed among 500 female workers. The sample was drawn with the help of simple random sampling. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24 was used to analyze the data. The results show a signi􀅫icant negative association between harassment and job satisfaction of females. The results of the study indicate that workplace harassment affects the level of satisfaction of women at the workplace. Harassment affects their mental and physical health and workplace performance. Working women turnover their jobs due to workplace bullying. This research will be helpful for legislation bodies, NGOs, different women development programs, economists to get information about the effects of workplace harassment on women's job satisfaction.

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Gender Discrimination – Prevailing State In Pakistan

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

An Analysis of Socio-Economic Vulnerability of Women Waged Labourers in Agriculture Sector in Punjab, Pakistan

An Analysis of Socio-Economic Vulnerability of Women Waged Labourers in Agriculture Sector in Punjab, Pakistan

Gender Equality in Islam and Gender Biased Discrimination in Global Muslim Societies: Analytic and Critical Evaluation

Workplace Harassment and Job Satisfaction: A Sociological Study among Female Employees of Quetta (Balochistan)

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