“…In contrast to previous research, our study reveals that female graduate students generally exhibit more positive attitudes towards the effects of epidemics on research productivity than male graduate students. Research on past outbreaks, such as COVID-19, suggests that women and girls may experience unique challenges (Viglione, 2020;Vincent-Lamarre et al, 2020;Myers et al, 2020), and in certain regions, may face more adverse effects than men (Riccaboni & Verginer 2022;Correia et al, 2022;Idris et al, 2023). It is important to note that gender-based differences in impacts are not just limited to graduate students.…”