Gender Dynamics and Climate Change in Rural Bolivia

Gender and Covid‐19: Are women bearing the brunt? A case study for Bolivia

“…This allows us to represent a gender division in labour supply. We consider this hypothesis to be consistent for Bolivia since the distribution of the domestic burden falls mainly on women, especially when they are unskilled (Ashwill et al, 2011; CEPAL, 2001), which traditionally pushes them away from the formal labour market.…”

“…In fact, women devote 5,6 hours per day to unpaid domestic and care work, while men devote only 3 hours per day (CEPAL, 2019). In addition, the gendered division of domestic labour is more pronounced in rural areas, where women spend seven hours per day doing domestic work compared to 1.4 hours for men (Ashwill et al, 2011).…”

Assessing the impacts of climate change on women's poverty: A Bolivian case study

“…Indeed, women devote 23.5% of their daily 24 h to doing unpaid household and care work, while men devote only 12.6% of their time to this work (CEPAL, 2001). In rural areas, the difference is even more striking, with women spending 7 h/day on domestic chores compared to 1.4 h for men (Ashwill et al, 2011). To complete the allocation estimates on the use of time and given the absence of disaggregated data per level of qualification in Bolivia, we used the Colombian time allocation estimates from Rubiano-Matulevich and Viollaz (2019).…”

“…Given the importance of the agricultural sector in total employment (30% of the population [ILOSTAT, 2019]), climatic events have resulted in income losses for rural populations. Indeed, the fact that floods and droughts are common at different times of the year in rural regions, such as the altiplano, combined with the poor quality of existing infrastructure in rural areas (irrigation and water storage), makes these areas more vulnerable to the effects of climate change (Ashwill et al, 2011; Gotor et al, 2017). Thus, women living in rural areas are significantly poorer than their urban counterparts (52% vs. 32% [INE, 2019]), as they have limited access to the labour market and devote a great share of their time to domestic chores (Ashwill et al, 2011; Rubiano‐Matulevich & Viollaz, 2019).…”

Gender and Inclusion in the Green Agenda: Where Are We and How to Move Forward?

“…Specifically, while men tend to focus on interventions at scale, migration, or the search for opportunities for day laborers, women focus on improvements and innovative practices such as sowing new crops and searching for alternative water sources. 24 In the case of forest conservation, women's specific knowledge of biodiversity can contribute to monitoring species, forest restoration, and soil management, contributing to sustainable forest management. In addition, implementing a gender perspective in efforts to maintain and restore forests enhances forest resources sustainability and local conflict management.…”