Gender dysphoria: treatment and outcomes

Wylie, Kevan; Eden, Kate; Watson, Emily

doi:10.1192/apt.bp.110.008557

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…When considering treatment options for GD, some clients seek partial treatment, (e.g. hormone therapy), whereas others will seek triadic therapy (Wylie, Eden, & Watson, 2012).…”

Section: Seeking Treatment For Gd In the United Kingdommentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Lived Experiences of Transitioning Adults with Gender Dysphoria in the United Kingdom: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Harrison

Jacobs

Parke

2020

Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling

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Adults with Gender Dysphoria have shown to be at an increased risk of mental health issues, often as a result of barriers to accessing treatment and experiencing discrimination. This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the lived experiences of adults with gender dysphoria seeking treatment in the United Kingdom (UK). Two transgender males and six transgender females participated. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Analysis of the transcripts revealed three superordinate themes: "Accessing Healthcare Services," "Searching for Acceptance," and "Impact of Gender Dysphoria on Psychological Wellbeing," that represented the experience for this population. It is concluded that there is a substantial need for counseling support during and after the treatment seeking process within the UK.

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“…When considering treatment options for GD, some clients seek partial treatment, (e.g. hormone therapy), whereas others will seek triadic therapy (Wylie, Eden, & Watson, 2012).…”

Section: Seeking Treatment For Gd In the United Kingdommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Triadic therapy consists of real-life experiences, hormone therapy and sex reassignment surgery (Wylie et al, 2012). However, accessing treatment for GD within England can be difficult.…”

Section: Seeking Treatment For Gd In the United Kingdommentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Lived Experiences of Transitioning Adults with Gender Dysphoria in the United Kingdom: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Harrison

Jacobs

Parke

2020

Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling

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“…Many authors describe the process of informed consent for GAC (1,58,60,(62)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73)(74)(75)(76). In China, a signature indicating informed consent from the patient's family is required in addition to that of the patient (60).…”

Section: Results Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Readiness assessments for gender-affirming surgical treatments: A systematic scoping review of historical practices and changing ethical considerations

Amengual

Kunstman²,

Lloyd³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) are terms that refer to individuals whose gender identity differs from sex assigned at birth. TGD individuals may choose any variety of modifications to their gender expression including, but not limited to changing their name, clothing, or hairstyle, starting hormones, or undergoing surgery. Starting in the 1950s, surgeons and endocrinologists began treating what was then known as transsexualism with cross sex hormones and a variety of surgical procedures collectively known as sex reassignment surgery (SRS). Soon after, Harry Benjamin began work to develop standards of care that could be applied to these patients with some uniformity. These guidelines, published by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH), are in their 8th iteration. Through each iteration there has been a requirement that patients requesting gender-affirming hormones (GAH) or gender-affirming surgery (GAS) undergo one or more detailed evaluations by a mental health provider through which they must obtain a “letter of readiness,” placing mental health providers in the role of gatekeeper. WPATH specifies eligibility criteria for gender-affirming treatments and general guidelines for the content of letters, but does not include specific details about what must be included, leading to a lack of uniformity in how mental health providers approach performing evaluations and writing letters. This manuscript aims to review practices related to evaluations and letters of readiness for GAS in adults over time as the standards of care have evolved via a scoping review of the literature. We will place a particular emphasis on changing ethical considerations over time and the evolution of the model of care from gatekeeping to informed consent. To this end, we did an extensive review of the literature. We identified a trend across successive iterations of the guidelines in both reducing stigma against TGD individuals and shift in ethical considerations from “do no harm” to the core principle of patient autonomy. This has helped reduce barriers to care and connect more people who desire it to gender affirming care (GAC), but in these authors’ opinions does not go far enough in reducing barriers.

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Gender dysphoria: recognition and assessment

Eden¹,

Wylie²,

Watson³

2012

Adv. psychiatr. treat

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SummaryThe role of the mental health professional, and of the psychiatrist in particular, is evolving and changing. As the recognition of transsexualism and gender identity disorder expands across the transgender spectrum, it has been recommended that gender dysphoria should replace existing diagnostic terminology. Patient-focused care is evolving and this article considers the limitations of current healthcare settings and how the mental health professional can support patients undergoing the real-life experience. Differentiation from other mental health conditions that may present as gender dysphoria is outlined, as well as specific clinical situations.

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Gender dysphoria: treatment and outcomes

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Understanding the Lived Experiences of Transitioning Adults with Gender Dysphoria in the United Kingdom: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Understanding the Lived Experiences of Transitioning Adults with Gender Dysphoria in the United Kingdom: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Readiness assessments for gender-affirming surgical treatments: A systematic scoping review of historical practices and changing ethical considerations

Gender dysphoria: recognition and assessment

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