Gender equality and COVID-19: act now before it is too late

Morgan, Rosemary; Pimenta, Denise Nacif; Rashid, Sabina Faiz

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(22)00278-1

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…284 Second, women have borne a disproportionate socioeconomic burden, 285 and existing widespread gender inequalities in terms of labour, income, personal safety, education, and food security intensified over the course of the pandemic, with important regional, national, and local variations and disparities. [286][287][288] Although the overall death toll of COVID-19 is higher among men than women, 289 survey results confirm a disproportionate effect of the pandemic on the livelihoods of female workers. [290][291][292] Worldwide, women comprise 70% of frontline health and social workers.…”

Section: Stark Socioeconomic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2022

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Section: Stark Socioeconomic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2022

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“…An important limitation of previous studies is that most have not had a gender-sensitive approach and have not presented gender-disaggregated data (Flor et al, 2022 ). There is evidence that the health, social and economic crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic is having gendered impacts (Chang, 2020 ; Flor et al, 2022 ; Morgan et al, 2022 ; Shreeves, 2021 ); in addition, it has been argued that, without a gender-sensitive approach, the pandemic could have far-reaching consequences, including a real risk of exacerbating gender inequalities and reversing the progress made (Shreeves, 2021 ). Therefore, the present study will be conducted following a gender perspective in which, in addition to presenting and comparing the scores of women and men on the study variables, the analysis of risk and protective factors for psychological distress and well-being will be tested separately in the women's and men's groups, thus presenting data disaggregated by gender.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stressful Events, Psychological Distress and Well-Being during the Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain: A Gender Analysis

Matud

Pino

Bethencourt

et al. 2022

Applied Research Quality Life

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The present study investigates gender differences in stressful events, psychological distress and well-being during the second wave of COVID-19 in Spain, analyzing women’s and men’s risk and resilience factors for psychological distress and for well-being. Participants were 1758 individuals from the general population, 50.8% women, aged between 18 and 79 years. Women and men did not differ in age, number of children, educational level, occupation or marital status. The participants were assessed by seven self-report questionnaires and scales. The results revealed that women experienced more psychological distress, more negative feelings, more stressful events related to the COVID-19 pandemic, more social support, and lower thriving and self-esteem than men. Multiple regression analyses showed that, in the case of women and men as well, self-esteem was the most important predictor of higher well-being and lower psychological distress and negative feelings while more COVID-19 pandemic-related stressful events were associated with higher psychological distress and lower well-being. Another important predictor of greater well-being for either gender was social support while unemployment was associated with lower well-being. In women and men, a higher educational level was associated with greater psychological distress and negative feelings; the male sample revealed that psychological distress was also connected to younger age while in women it was associated with lower instrumental social support. The results suggest that gender plays an important role in the mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, with the risk being higher for women than for men.

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“…In addition, data collection for the present study ended just as the COVID-19 epidemic began, so there may be current changes caused by this pandemic that are not reflected in the present study. This pandemic has been described as one of the most significant global crises in generations (World Health Organization 2022), affecting multiple facets of life (Miyah et al 2022), not only because of the direct effects of the disease but also because of the responses to the outbreak, which affected women more than men (Fan and Moen 2022;Morgan et al 2022;Xue and McMunn 2021). There is also evidence that these measures exacerbated gender inequalities (Lyttelton et al 2023;Shreeves 2021) and that the unequal division of labor persists for most couples (Cera et al 2024).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Use, Health, and Well-Being across the Life Cycle: A Gender Analysis

Matud,

Bethencourt,

del Pino

et al. 2024

Social Sciences

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Although time use is one of people’s most important resources, there are social forces and inequalities that shape how time is used. The aim of this research is to examine gender differences in time use from adolescence to old age and to analyze the association of such use with sociodemographic characteristics and with women’s and men’s health and well-being. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 5700 women (54.2%) and men (45.8%) from the Spanish general population, aged 14 to 85 years. Participants were assessed using five self-reported measures of time use, health, mental symptoms, psychological well-being, life satisfaction, social support, and masculine/instrumental and feminine/expressive traits. The results showed that although there were important differences in life cycle stage and occupation, women spent more time than men on housework, childcare, and caring for sick relatives, while men spent more time than women on enjoying activities and exercise. More time spent on housework was associated with worse health and well-being for women and more exercise with better health and well-being for both genders. It is concluded that gender is relevant to time use and the impact of different uses of time on health and well-being.

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Gender equality and COVID-19: act now before it is too late

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic

The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic

Stressful Events, Psychological Distress and Well-Being during the Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain: A Gender Analysis

Time Use, Health, and Well-Being across the Life Cycle: A Gender Analysis

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