Gender Gap: A Qualitative Study of Women and Leadership Acquisition in Anesthesiology

Basile, Ellen R; Byrd, Heather; Powell-Williams, Melissa; Gutierrez, Javier J. Polania; Riveros-Pérez, Efraín

doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000006073

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…When comparing those with publicly available nomination/election process (36.8, 111/302) to those without (31.5%, 78/248), there was no difference in percentage of women leadership (P = . 19).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 If the same is true in medicine, male mentors may more often encourage their male mentees to seek leadership positions. Basile et al 19 showed that early career, high-value mentorship and sponsorship were the most important factors for women in achieving anesthesiology leadership positions. In addition, having publicly available criteria and explanations of the election processes may level the playing field and increase women applicants.…”

Section: Anesthesia and Analgesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Women Representation in Anesthesiology Society Leadership Positions

Harbell

McMullen

Kosiorek

et al. 2023

Anesthesia &Amp; Analgesia

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BACKGROUND: Although the number of women in medicine has increased, women remain underrepresented in leadership positions, specifically in medical societies. Specialty societies in medicine are influential in networking, career advancement, research and education opportunities, and providing awards and recognition. The goals of this study are to examine the representation of women in leadership positions in anesthesiology societies compared to women society members and women anesthesiologists and to analyze the trend in women society presidents over time. METHODS: A list of anesthesiology societies was obtained from the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) website. Society leadership positions were obtained via the societies’ websites. Gender was determined by images on the society website and images or pronouns on hospital websites and research databases. The percentage of women presidents, vice presidents/presidents-elect, secretaries/treasurers, board of directors/council members, and committee chairs was calculated. The percentage of women in society leadership positions was compared to the percentage of women society members when available, and the percentage of women anesthesiologists in the workforce (26%) using binomial difference of unpaired proportions tests. The trend of women presidents from 1980 to 2020 was analyzed using a Cochran-Armitage trend test. RESULTS: A total of 13 societies were included in this study. Overall, women held 32.6% (189/580) of leadership positions. 38.5% (5/13) of presidents, 17.6% (3/17) of presidents-elect/vice presidents, and 45% (9/20) of secretaries/treasurers were women. In addition, 30.0% (91/303) of board of directors/council members and 34.2% (90/263) of committee chairs were women. The percentage of women holding society leadership positions was significantly greater than the percentage of women anesthesiologists in the workforce (P < .001), as was the percentage of women as committee chairs (P = .003). The percentage of women society members was available for 9 of 13 societies (69%), and the percentage of women leaders was similar to the percentage of women society members (P = .10). There was a significant difference in the percentage of women leaders between society size categories. Small societies had 32.9% (49/149) women leaders, medium had 39.4% (74/188) women leaders, and the single large society had 27.2% (66/243) (P = .03). There were also significantly more women leaders in the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA) than there are women members (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that anesthesia societies may be more inclusive of women in leadership positions compared to other specialty societies. Although in anesthesiology, women remain underrepresented in academic leadership roles, there is a higher proportion of women in leadership roles in anesthesiology societies than proportion of women in the anesthesia workforce.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anesthesia and Analgesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Representation in Anesthesiology Society Leadership Positions

Harbell

McMullen

Kosiorek

et al. 2023

Anesthesia &Amp; Analgesia

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“…Gender inequality also exists for female physicians, including anesthesiologists. Before the onset of COVID‐19, women were underrepresented in the upper leadership echelons of anesthesiology (Basile et al., 2023; Bissing et al., 2019). Although female physicians currently comprise over a third (37%) of academic anesthesiologists, only 15% of anesthesia department directors were women in 2022, according to the Association of American Medical Colleges data (Association of American Medical Colleges, 2022).…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although female physicians currently comprise over a third (37%) of academic anesthesiologists, only 15% of anesthesia department directors were women in 2022, according to the Association of American Medical Colleges data (Association of American Medical Colleges, 2022). Postulated barriers to academic advancement for female physicians include a paucity of female faculty role models and difficulty negotiating for conditions that support balancing family responsibilities and promotion requirements (Basile et al., 2023; Lane‐Fall et al., 2020). As in the corporate setting, healthcare workforce diversity is vital to improving patient care and employee engagement (Bickel et al., 2002; Cohen et al., 2002; Gomez & Bernet, 2019; Leslie et al., 2017).…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender disparity in the effects of COVID‐19 on academic productivity and career satisfaction in anesthesiology in the US: Results of a national survey of anesthesiologists

Jankowska

Pai

Lee

et al. 2023

Gender Work & Organization

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic created unprecedented challenges for anesthesiologists both at work and home. This study examined whether the pandemic affected academic productivity and career satisfaction among anesthesiologists practicing in the United States during the early stages of the pandemic and whether these effects differed by gender. A survey was emailed to 25,473 members of the American Society of Anesthesiologists to learn about their experiences during the beginning of the pandemic. The survey directed respondents to rate their change in academic productivity, clinical care hours, scholarly and leadership opportunities, income, childcare duties, and household responsibilities during the first 5 months of the pandemic (March 1–July 31, 2020). The primary variable was gender, academic productivity was the primary outcome, and data were analyzed by multivariable proportional odds logistic regression models and correlations. Female anesthesiologists reported lower academic productivity and career satisfaction relative to male anesthesiologists during the study period. Career satisfaction positively correlated with academic productivity. Compared to male anesthesiologists, female anesthesiologists also had more household responsibilities before and during the pandemic. Being a female parent reduced academic productivity relative to that reported by nonparents of either gender. In conclusion, the early months of the COVID‐19 pandemic had a greater adverse professional impact on female anesthesiologists than on their male counterparts. Efforts to support and retain female anesthesiologists, particularly those early in their careers and those with children, are essential for the specialty to maintain its workforce and promote gender equity in promotion and leadership.

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“…1 Such documentation focuses on quantifying underrepresentation, but does not shed light on strategies that might be used to mitigate the low numbers of women in the upper echelons of academic medicine. In this issue of Anesthesia & Analgesia , Basile et al 2 report the findings of 26 semistructured qualitative interviews conducted with women leaders in academic anesthesiology. The authors focused their interviews on respondents’ personal qualities and perceived barriers and facilitators to advancement into leadership roles to identify common factors that contributed to individual success.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%