Gender inequality, reproductive justice, and decoupling economic growth and emissions: a panel analysis of the moderating association of gender equality on the relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions

McGee, Julius Alexander; Greiner, Patrick Trent; Christensen, MacKenzie A.; Ergas, Christina; Clement, Matthew Thomas

doi:10.1080/23251042.2020.1736364

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Likewise, the estimated coefficients for gender inequality are +0.572 and-0.598, respectively, indicating that a 1% increase in gender inequality is expected to significantly reduce economic growth by 0.598%, while a 1% reduction in gender inequality can significantly boost economic growth by 0.572%. The finding of the negative and significant impact of gender inequality on economic growth is in good agreement with those of Kim et al (2018) , Altuzarra et al (2021) , Santos Silva and Klasen (2021) , McGee et al (2020) , Tisdell (2021) , Gavurova et al (2020) and Karoui and Feki (2018) . The Wald statistic confirms the long-run asymmetry by rejecting the null hypothesis that gender inequality and sex ratio at birth have symmetric effects on economic growth.…”

Section: Analysis Results and Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Several studies have explored the relationship between gender inequality in education and economic growth. And earlier research has shown a positive link between the gender gap in education and economic growth ( Barro and Sala-i-martin 1995 ; Seguino, 2000 ; Baliamoune-Lutz and McGillivray, 2009 ; Elson, 2009 ; Klasen and Lamanna, 2009 ), and recent analyses reveal the adverse effects of gender disparities in education on economic growth, using newer data and more careful econometric techniques ( Karoui and Feki, 2018 ; Minasyan et al, 2019 ; Braunstein et al, 2020 ; McGee et al, 2020 ; Perrin, 2021 ; Santos Silva and Klasen, 2021 ; Girón and Kazemikhasragh, 2022 ). Notably, countries with the largest gender gaps lead to greater economic losses.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED: An empirical analysis of the impact of gender inequality and sex ratios at birth on China’s economic growth

Wu¹,

Ali

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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The contribution of women to China’s economic growth and development cannot be overemphasized. Women play important social, economic, and productive roles in any economy. China remains one of the countries in the world with severe gender inequality and sex ratio at birth (SRB) imbalance. Severe gender inequality and disenfranchisement of girls with abnormally high sex ratios at birth reflect deep-rooted sexism and adversely affect girls’ development. For China to achieve economic growth, women should not be ignored and marginalized so that they can contribute to the country’s growth, but the sex ratio at birth needs to be lowered because only women can contribute to growth. Thus, this study empirically predicts an asymmetric relationship between gender inequality, sex ratio at birth and economic growth, using NARDL model over the period 1980–2020. The NARDL results show that increases in gender inequality and sex ratio at birth significantly reduce economic growth in both the short and long term, while reductions in gender inequality and sex ratio at birth significantly boost economic growth in both the short and long term. Moreover, the results show the significant contribution of female labor force participation and female education (secondary and higher education) to economic growth. However, infant mortality rate significantly reduced economic growth. Strategically, the study recommends equal opportunities for women in employment, education, health, economics, and politics to reduce gender disparities and thereby promote sustainable economic growth in China. Moreover, policymakers should introduce new population policy to stabilize the sex ratio at birth, thereby promoting China’s long-term economic growth.

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Section: Analysis Results and Interpretationsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: An empirical analysis of the impact of gender inequality and sex ratios at birth on China’s economic growth

Wu¹,

Ali

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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show abstract

“…The moderation results found a U-shaped relationship between renewable energy and women's autonomy in a given period. The results are in line with the earlier studies of Terry [69], Ergas and York [70], Jerneck [71], Wang et al [72], and McGee et al [73]. These studies mainly provoked in favor of women empowerment that's resulting impact on tackling climate change issues.…”

Section: Step-v: Variance Decomposition Analysis (Vda)supporting

confidence: 89%

“…Wang et al [72] confined their study's findings in favor of females' share in the labor force, contributing to lower carbon emissions by acquiring education and political autonomy. McGeet et al [73], in a similar line, concluded that attaining social justice and gender equality interlinked with the environmental quality to support lowering negative environmental externalities globally.…”

Section: Step-v: Variance Decomposition Analysis (Vda)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Technowomen: Women’s Autonomy and Its Impact on Environmental Quality

Mujeed

Jabeen

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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The role of women in economic development and the global environment is vital for progressing them towards the United Nations sustainable development goal (SDG-5) that emphasized the need to empower women in every walk of life. The study examines women’s autonomy in the sustainable development agenda under China’s open innovation system from 1975 to 2019. The study employed an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, vector autoregressive (VAR) Granger causality, and innovation accounting matrix to estimate parameters. The existing data are summarized and collated in the context of China to explain as a correlational study. The results show that women’s autonomy moderated with technology spills over to decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and substantiate the hump-shaped relationship between them. The increased spending on research and development (R&D) activities, patent publications, and renewable energy consumption empowers women to be equipped with the latest sustainable technologies to improve environmental quality. The pollution haven hypothesis verifies a given country, where trade liberalization policies tend to increase polluting industries to set up their plants that engaged in dirty production that exacerbate GHG emissions. The causality estimates confirmed that technological innovations and renewable energy consumption leads to women’s autonomy. In contrast, females’ share in the labor force participation rate leads to an increase in renewable energy consumption. Thus, it is evident that there is a positive role of women in the country’s sustainable development.

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“…Both the Human Development Index and level of democracy measures are controlled for, in accordance with similar analyses, for their potential to impact both women's role in society, and thus governance, as well as electricity access in general (Ergas & York, 2012;Lv & Deng, 2018;McGee et al, 2020;Nugent & Shandra, 2009;Salahodjaev & Jarilkapova, 2020). They are obtained from the Quality of Government dataset (Dahlberg et al, 2018).…”

Section: Independent Variable and Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of women's parliamentary participation on renewable energy policy outcomes

Salamon

2022

European J Political Res

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Decreasing CO2 emissions, a top priority of climate change mitigation, requires moving away from fossil fuels and towards renewable energy. Research shows that women tend to exhibit more knowledge about climate change, environmental concerns, and pro-environmental behaviour than men. Theories linking descriptive and substantive representation suggest that women representatives better represent women citizens' policy preferences. Therefore, do higher levels of women's parliamentary participation increase renewable energy consumption? A time-series cross-sectional analysis of 100 democracies from 1997 to 2017 provides evidence for such a relationship in both high-and middle-income democracies. Lagged modelling demonstrates that high-income states see more immediate effects while they take longer to materialize in middle-income states. These findings contribute to our growing understanding of women's role in policymaking outside of 'women's issues' and offer a means of advancing climate-friendly energy policy.

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Gender inequality, reproductive justice, and decoupling economic growth and emissions: a panel analysis of the moderating association of gender equality on the relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions

Cited by 26 publications

References 62 publications

RETRACTED: An empirical analysis of the impact of gender inequality and sex ratios at birth on China’s economic growth

RETRACTED: An empirical analysis of the impact of gender inequality and sex ratios at birth on China’s economic growth

Technowomen: Women’s Autonomy and Its Impact on Environmental Quality

The effect of women's parliamentary participation on renewable energy policy outcomes

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