Gender moderates the association of military sexual trauma and risk for psychological distress among VA-enrolled veterans

Tannahill, Hallie S.; Livingston, Whitney S.; Fargo, Jamison D.; Brignone, Emily; Gundlapalli, Adi V.; Blais, Rebecca K.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.017

Cited by 23 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For instance, in an epidemiological study of VA‐enrolled veterans, women who screened positive for MST were over eight times more likely to have a PTSD diagnosis relative to women who screened negative for MST, and men who screened positive for MST were three times more likely to have a PTSD diagnosis relative to men who screened negative for MST (Kimerling et al, 2007). Additionally, recent research shows that women with MST history had a higher risk for a PTSD diagnosis relative to men with MST history (Tannahill et al, 2020). Conversely, other studies observed that in those with histories of MST, men reported more severe PTSD symptoms than women (Hourani et al, 2015; O'Brien et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that the current literature is mixed due to differences in how the PTSD outcome variable was assessed. For instance, in studies using dichotomous PTSD outcomes (i.e., diagnosis present/diagnosis absent) to examine gender differences in the association between MST and the presence of PTSD diagnoses (e.g., Kimerling et al, 2007Kimerling et al, , 2010Tannahill et al, 2020), results showed that women were at higher risk for a PTSD diagnosis compared to men. This is consistent with the results from the current study, such that women were more likely to have the presence of moderate PTSS in various clusters relative to men.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Gender as a moderator of the association of military sexual trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms

et al. 2021

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Objective: The current study examined the moderating role of gender on the association of military sexual trauma (MST) type (harassment-only vs. assault) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) using the 6-factor Anhedonia Model.Methods: Participants were 1321 service members/ veterans. Two-part hurdle models assessed the moderating role of gender on the association of MST type with the presence (at least "moderate" symptoms endorsed within each cluster) or severity of PTSS and symptom clusters.Results: Among those who experienced assault MST, women were at higher risk for the presence of intrusive, avoidance, negative affect, and anhedonia symptoms, and higher risk for more severe negative affect symptoms.Among those who experienced harassment-only MST, men were at higher risk of more severe PTSS symptoms overall and in the intrusive and dysphoric arousal symptom clusters. No other significant differences were observed.Conclusions: Gathering information on MST type may be helpful in treatment planning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Gender as a moderator of the association of military sexual trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms

et al. 2021

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“…Additionally, one study found sex differences among SM/Vs experience of PTSD symptoms, such that female SM/Vs experienced hyperarousal symptoms as the most functionally impairing symptom of PTSD, whereas male SM/Vs reported the greatest functional impairment with negative alterations in cognition/mood (Meyer et al, ). Another study observed that while males had increased risk for a PTSD diagnosis relative to females, exposure to MST significantly increased risk for PTSD in females relative to males (Tannahill et al, ). Such results underscore the need for future research to include female SM/Vs with PTSD, as their experience of PTSD appears to differ in meaningful ways compared to males and thus may impact outcomes in couple‐based treatments for PTSD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Couple‐based interventions for PTSD among military veterans: An empirical review

et al. 2019

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Objective Treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a commonly sought mental health service among military service members and veterans (SM/Vs). Such treatment is typically individually‐based, despite many SM/Vs reporting a desire for greater partner involvement in treatment. This review examined couple‐based treatments for PTSD among SM/Vs and their romantic partners. Method A database search conducted in July, 2018 yielded 167 studies, of which 16 (10%) met inclusion criteria. Brief intervention summaries, effect sizes, and distress change scores (where applicable) are reported. Results The 16 studies tested 7 interventions, which showed a reduction in self‐rated and clinician‐rated PTSD symptoms with large effect sizes observed in most studies. Relationship outcomes also improved for SM/Vs and their partners, with effect sizes ranging from small‐to‐medium for SM/Vs and small‐to‐large for partners. Conclusions Couple‐based interventions show success in reducing PTSD symptoms and improving relationship outcomes, offering several alternatives to individual‐based interventions among partnered SM/Vs.

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“…More than 56% of women who survive MST meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD. 18 In regard to PTSD diagnostic criteria within the context of MST, exposure to sexual violence is accompanied by the following symptom clusters: intrusion symptoms, avoidant symptoms, negative cognitive or affective symptoms, and arousal and reactivity symptoms. See Table 1 for examples of symptoms within each symptom cluster.…”

Section: Mental Health Consequences Of Mstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Military Sexual Trauma: An Update for Nurse Practitioners

Kameg¹,

Fradkin²

2021

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners

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Military sexual trauma (MST) is a pervasive and insidious problem among military personnel. MST is defined as sexual harassment or sexual assault that occurs during ones' time in military service. Due to the physical, mental, and psychosocial consequences of MST, all nurse practitioners (NPs) must be able to effectively identify survivors of MST, recognize and address health consequences of MST, and provide appropriate interventions and referrals for MST survivors. The purpose of this report is to provide an overview so that NPs are equipped to effectively care for MST survivors in both Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and non-VHA settings.

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Gender moderates the association of military sexual trauma and risk for psychological distress among VA-enrolled veterans

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Gender as a moderator of the association of military sexual trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms

Gender as a moderator of the association of military sexual trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms

Couple‐based interventions for PTSD among military veterans: An empirical review

Military Sexual Trauma: An Update for Nurse Practitioners

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