Gender nonconforming youth: current perspectives

Ehrensaft, Diane

doi:10.2147/ahmt.s110859

Cited by 57 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Going further, some reviews concluded that being affirmed socially in their identified gender provided “substantial improvements in their mental health” (Riley 2018, 204) compared to transgender children not affirmed (even though there was no such comparison group in the studies) or that mental health disparities would be resolved “immediately” (Cicero and Wesp 2017, 6) if children were affirmed in their gender identity or that, if children were so affirmed, disparities in “emotional distress are reduced or eliminated” (Gower et al 2018, 788). One review concluded that given parental support, transgender children would “thrive” (Ehrensaft 2017, 64), while another review concluded that anxiety and depression were both found to have decreased in Olson’s (2016b) study (Allen, Watson, and VanMattson 2019, 3). Another review (Kuvalanka, Gardner, and Munroe 2019, 103) mentioned that there were no differences in depression in Olson et al’s (2016b) study, but said nothing about anxiety or self-worth, leaving the impression that there were probably no other variables of interest besides depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Research on Transgender Children What It Seems? Comments on Recent Research on Transgender Children with High Levels of Parental Support

Schumm

Crawford

2019

Linacre Q

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Recent research on transgender children who have had support from their parents for their transitioning has concluded that their mental health is virtually no different than that of nontransgender children. Such research has been extensively cited, over 370 times in the past three years. Most of the hundreds of reviews received the stated results of the studies with little caution. However, the research featured numerous statistical errors and omissions, the implications of which would likely lead neutral observers to conclude that the mental health of transgender children, even when supported by their parents, was poorer than that of the groups of control children. In particular, levels of anxiety as reported by both parents and their transgender children appear to be significantly higher, and the transgender children’s reports of self-worth appear to be significantly lower. Although reports regarding depression are not as significantly different, the effect sizes were generally in a similar direction as the other outcomes, being less favorable for the transgender children. Such issues highlight the need for careful examination of statistical research, even when published in highly regarded medical journals. As with other research, findings from the early stages of controversial research may often be premature. Further research is needed to explore factors underlying these results. Summary: Some scholars have believed that if transgender children were supported by their parents before the children reached puberty, the generally higher rates of mental illness experienced by many transgender persons might be prevented or alleviated. Dr. Kristina Olson of the Department of Psychology at the University of Seattle was the first scholar to have studied groups of transgender children who were being supported by their parents and to have compared them to a control group of children and to siblings of the same transgender children. Her conclusion was that there were minimal, if any, differences in anxiety, depression, and self-worth among the groups of children; her research has since been cited extensively as having found just that. We reanalyzed her raw data and found that, to the contrary, the transgender children, even when supported by their parents, had significantly lower average scores on anxiety and self-worth. Often, a significantly higher percentage of transgender children, compared to controls, featured preclinical or clinical levels of anxiety. Parental support of transgender children may temporarily reduce levels of poor mental health for some transgender children, but it does not appear to eliminate those problems for all transgender children. Our findings should serve as a warning against accepting research at a surface level, which can lead to acceptance of invalid information and pursuit of ineffective interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Research on Transgender Children What It Seems? Comments on Recent Research on Transgender Children with High Levels of Parental Support

Schumm

Crawford

2019

Linacre Q

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“…This was contrary to LGBT ideology and the activity of Dr. Zucker was since long time under pressure from LGBT activists. In spite of the acknowledged existence of various treatment models of gender identity disorder [77], the administration of Centre for Addiction and Mental Health decided to launch an external review of the activity of Dr. Zucker [75]. Two reviewers wrote in their report "in the course of this review, two predominant themes emerged as areas of concern for the reviewers: firstly, the GIC appears to operate as an insular entity within CAMH and the community at large, and secondly, the GIC appears to be out of step with current clinical and operational practices.…”

Section: Harassment Of Dissentersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science and Homosexuality: Political Bias in Modern Academia

Lysov¹

2019

RJEP

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Такие заявления, как «генетическая причина гомосексуализма доказана» или «гомосексуальное влечение невозможно изменить» регулярно выдвигаются на научно-популярных образовательных мероприятиях и в сети Интернет, предназначенных, в том числе, и для научно неискушенных людей. В этой статье я продемонстрирую, что в современном научном сообществе доминируют люди, которые проецируют свои общественно-политические взгляды в свою научную деятельность, делая научный процесс сильно предвзятым. Эти проецируемые взгляды включают в себя спектр политических заявлений, в том числе в отношении т.н. «сексуальных меньшинств», а именно, что «гомосексуализм является нормативным вариантом сексуальности среди людей и животных», что «однополое влечение является врожденным и не может быть изменено», «пол является социальной конструкцией, не ограничивающейся бинарной классификацией» и т.д. и т.п. Я продемонстрирую, что такие взгляды в современных научных кругах на Западе считаются ортодоксальными, устойчивыми и устоявшимися, даже при отсутствии убедительных научных данных, тогда как альтернативные взгляды сразу же помечаются как «псевдонаучные» и «ложные», даже если за ними стоит убедительная фактология. В качестве причины подобной предвзятости можно упомянуть множество факторов – драматическое социальное и историческое наследие, которое привело к появлению «научных табу», интенсивную политическую борьбу, которая породила лицемерие, «коммерциализацию» науки, ведущую к погоне за сенсациями, и т.д. Возможно ли полностью избежать предвзятости в науке, остается спорным вопросом. Однако, представляется возможным создать условия для оптимального равноудаленного научного процесса.

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“…Dabei kann es lebenslang, besonders in Zusammenhang mit Eintritt in die Pubertät, Partnersuche, Heirat, Schwangerschaft und Elternschaft, zu Ergänzungen und Neubewertungen kommen (40). Die Geschlechtsidentität ist also nicht statisch, sondern variabel über alle Entwicklungsstadien des Menschen hinweg (15).…”

Section: Geschlechtsdysphorie Bei Jugendlichen Und Erwachsenen (30285)unclassified

Geschlechtsdysphorie

Richter‐Unruh¹,

Herrmann²,

Döhnert³

2018

Kinder- und Jugendmedizin

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ZusammenfassungKinder und Jugendliche mit Problemen bezüglich ihrer Geschlechtsidentität und Symptomen einer Geschlechtsdysphorie (GD) nehmen häufiger medizinische und psychologische Hilfe in Anspruch. Kinderärzte sind oft die ersten professionellen Helfer, die mit dieser Problematik konfrontiert werden. Der Übersichtsartikel befasst sich mit dem aktuellen Stand der Forschung zu diesem Thema und leitlinienorientierten Handlungsempfehlungen. Es wird eine multiprofessionelle Betreuung durch Kinder- und Jugendpsychiater, Kinder- und Jugendlichenpsychotherapeuten und pädiatrische Endokrinologen empfohlen. Die Entscheidung zu einer früh einsetzenden hormonellen Behandlung wird kontrovers diskutiert und bedarf einer gewissenhaften individuellen Entscheidung im Behandlungsteam.

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Gender nonconforming youth: current perspectives

Cited by 57 publications

References 22 publications

Is Research on Transgender Children What It Seems? Comments on Recent Research on Transgender Children with High Levels of Parental Support

Is Research on Transgender Children What It Seems? Comments on Recent Research on Transgender Children with High Levels of Parental Support

Science and Homosexuality: Political Bias in Modern Academia

Geschlechtsdysphorie

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