Gender Socialization in Latino/a Families: Results from Two Retrospective Studies

Raffaelli, Marcela; Ontai, Lenna

doi:10.1023/b:sers.0000018886.58945.06

Cited by 407 publications

(444 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Gender roles are shifting, but mothers in this population continue to be primary caregiver and in charge of food preparation in the home. 58,59 Our sample size was limited, and the majority of the women in our study who reported their ethnicity, identified as Dominican, thus findings may not be generalizable to other Hispanic or Latino subgroups. There is also the risk of self-selection bias at the center level and the possibility of a reduced diversity of views expressed due to the use of focus group discussions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextual and Cultural Influences on Parental Feeding Practices and Involvement in Child Care Centers among Hispanic Parents

et al. 2015

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Contextual and cultural influences on parental feeding practices among Hispanics Hispanic preschoolers in the United States are at greater risk for obesity compared to non‐Hispanic whites. Obese children are more likely to be obese adolescents and adults thus, early prevention is critical. Growing evidence has addressed the role of caregivers’ indulgent or restrictive feeding practices in children’s eating behaviors and negative weight outcomes. However, the mechanisms driving these associations are largely unknown; including what influences these feeding practices among Hispanics. Therefore the goal of this qualitative study was to explore contextual and socio‐cultural influences on parental feeding. Four focus groups (n=37) were held with Hispanic parents of preschool‐aged children at two day care centers in Rhode Island. Audio recordings were transcribed and translated, and themes extracted. Parents commented that their childhood experiences of not being allowed to waste food influenced how they currently feed their children. They reported making conscious decisions not to use the same feeding strategies as their own parents and on the contrary, reported using different practices related to encouragement of healthy foods and promotion of self‐regulation. Parents reported wanting to feed their children healthy foods but other influences such as peer‐social interactions posed as challenges for example, some mother’s reported only buying juice after their child was exposed to it in daycare. Husband’s food preferences and grandparent’s indulgent behaviors were also viewed as a challenge to promoting healthy foods in the home. Understanding how cultural and environmental factors influence parental feeding and may help tailor obesity prevention efforts among Hispanics. Grant Funding Source: Supported by the University of Rhode Island

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextual and Cultural Influences on Parental Feeding Practices and Involvement in Child Care Centers among Hispanic Parents

et al. 2015

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“…First, existing work suggests that Latino families generally espouse more traditional gender role socialization patterns (Azmitia & Brown, 2000;Baca Zinn & Wells, 2000;Hondagneu-Sotelo, 1994;Valenzuela, 1999) and that women are typically viewed as the carriers of culture and expected to pass on ethnic traditions to future generations (Phinney, 1990). Although Baca Zinn and Wells (2000) encouraged acknowledging the diversity that exists within Latinos as a result of sociohistorical circumstances and social forces that construct family members' experiences and introduce variability into cultural processes and norms such as gender role expectations, empirical studies provide support for the notion that Latino cultures are marked by strong gender role expectations, particularly with respect to expectations for female adolescents to remain close to the family and male adolescents to have more freedom to explore extrafamilial contexts (e.g., Raffaelli & Ontai, 2004). These gendered experiences may result in female adolescents being more cognizant of culture than male adolescents.…”

Section: Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, research with Latino adolescents found that male adolescents', but not female adolescents', experiences with discrimination were predictive of their future academic motivation ). Because recent work shows that Latino male adolescents, compared to female adolescents, are given more freedom to explore the world outside of the family context (Raffaelli & Ontai, 2004), it is possible that male adolescents have more experiences with discrimination and, as a result, are more cognizant of the effects of discrimination on their lives. In work with Black adolescents, Pahl and Way (2006) suggested that Black adolescents' continuous exposure to racism may lead to continuous exploration of ethnicity; it is possible that the same reasoning can be applied to the gender difference found in the current study.…”

Section: Discrimination and Ethnic Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal examination of parenting behaviors and perceived discrimination predicting Latino adolescents' ethnic identity.

Umaña‐Taylor

Guimond

2010

Developmental Psychology

134

141

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Characteristics of the familial and societal context were examined as predictors of Latino adolescents' (N ϭ 323; 49.5% female) ethnic identity. Consistent with previous work, familial ethnic socialization significantly predicted future levels of ethnic identity exploration, resolution, and affirmation for both male adolescents and female adolescents, although the association was significantly stronger for female adolescents than male adolescents for exploration and resolution. Furthermore, for male adolescents, higher levels of familial ethnic socialization were significantly associated with a faster rate of growth for ethnic identity resolution. In addition, paternal warmth-support emerged as a significant longitudinal predictor of male adolescents', but not female adolescents', ethnic identity exploration. Finally, perceived discrimination was significantly associated with male adolescents', but not female adolescents', ethnic identity exploration and affirmation. Significant gender differences in the relations of interest highlight the need to consider variability in the process of ethnic identity formation by gender.

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“…From birth on, these differences are inherent in every aspect of sexual expression and male-female interaction (Raffaelli, 2004). The outward manifestation of the principle illustrated by these differences is called machismo, which is the belief that males are physically, intellectually, culturally, and sexually superior to females.…”

Section: Why Impoverished Females In Puerto Rico Are Considered Disprmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Bringing Testing to the People”: A Discussion of an HIV-Testing Outreach Project Targeting Impoverished Women

Norman¹,

Williams²,

Rosenberg³

et al. 2012

HIV Testing

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Gender Socialization in Latino/a Families: Results from Two Retrospective Studies

Cited by 407 publications

References 25 publications

Contextual and Cultural Influences on Parental Feeding Practices and Involvement in Child Care Centers among Hispanic Parents

Contextual and Cultural Influences on Parental Feeding Practices and Involvement in Child Care Centers among Hispanic Parents

A longitudinal examination of parenting behaviors and perceived discrimination predicting Latino adolescents' ethnic identity.

“Bringing Testing to the People”: A Discussion of an HIV-Testing Outreach Project Targeting Impoverished Women

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