Gender-Specific Correlates of Incarceration Among Marginally Housed Individuals in San Francisco

Weiser, Sheri D.; Neilands, Torsten B.; Comfort, Megan; Dilworth, Samantha E.; Cohen, Jennifer; Tulsky, Jacqueline P.; Riley, Elise D.

doi:10.2105/ajph.2008.141655

Cited by 33 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It is documented in the literature that incarceration among unstably housed men is associated with increased odds of trading sex for money. 34 It is also plausible that economic deprivation, that often characterizes post-incarceration reintegration, limits men's housing options and thus leads them to live in areas of high STI prevalence-increasing their likelihood of sexual exposure to networks embedded within those areas. 35,36 There is also evidence that incarceration disrupts stability in men's sexual partnerships.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic, Legal, and Social Hardships Associated with HIV Risk among Black Men who have Sex with Men in Six US Cities

Nelson

Wilton²,

Moineddin

et al. 2016

J Urban Health

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We assessed whether economic, legal, and social hardships were associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk among a sample of Black men who have sex with men (MSM) and whether associations were moderated by city of residence. The study analyzed baseline and follow-up data from HIV Prevention Trials Network 061 (N = 1553). Binary logistic regression assessed associations between hardships and HIV risk indicators. Multivariate regressions were used to test if city of residence had a moderating effect for hardships and HIV risks. Adjusted analyses showed that Black MSM with recent job loss were more likely to engage in condomless insertive anal intercourse (adjusted odds ratios (AOR) = 1.37, 95 % CI 1.01-1.87) and that those with recent financial crisis were more likely to have had two or more male sexual partners in the past 6 months (AOR = 1.65; 95 % CI 1.18-2.29). Black MSM

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic, Legal, and Social Hardships Associated with HIV Risk among Black Men who have Sex with Men in Six US Cities

Nelson

Wilton²,

Moineddin

et al. 2016

J Urban Health

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“…Data were self-reported and referred to the prior 6 months. Variables included age, race/ethnicity, income, sexual orientation (prefers to have sex with men [heterosexual] or women/both [homosexual/bisexual]), incarceration (any jail or prison time), 19 sex exchange (for money, drugs, a place to sleep, etc. ), 20 proportion of time spent sleeping in a homeless shelter, and proportion of time spent sleeping in a public place.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Rates of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection in Homeless Women: Informing Public Health Strategies

Daniel

CohenJennifer

GrimesBarbara

et al. 2016

Journal of Women's Health

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Background: Homeless and unstably housed women living in an urban setting are at risk for sexually transmitted diseases, yet the seroprevalence and correlates of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) specific to impoverished women are poorly understood. Materials and Methods: Between April and October 2010, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of sociodemographic, structural, and behavioral factors associated with prevalent HSV-2 infection (recent and historical infections) within a community-recruited cohort of homeless and unstably housed women. Logistic regression modeling was used to identify independent sociobehavioral correlates of HSV-2 infection. Results: Among 213 women (114 HIV positive and 99 HIV negative), the median age was 49, 48% were African American, and 63% had completed high school. HSV-2 seroprevalence was 88%, and only 17% of infected women were aware of their infection. In adjusted analysis, odds of HSV-2 infection were significantly higher for those reporting at-risk drinking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 7.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.59, 67.91), heterosexual orientation (AOR = 4.56; 95% CI = 1.81, 11.69), and for those who were HIV positive (AOR = 3.64; 95% CI = 1.43, 10.30). Odds of HSV-2 infection decreased as current income increased (AOR for each $500 monthly increase = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.78, 0.997). Conclusions: There is an extremely high seroprevalence of HSV-2 infection among homeless and unstably housed women, and most are unaware of their HSV-2 status. Screening all unstably housed women for HSV-2 infection, with additional counseling for sexual risk and alcohol use, may lead to the identification of more infections and be a first step in reducing additional disease transmission.

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“…We categorized homelessness status as spending 1–25% of nights living in a shelter, streets, or other public place in the past six months (“short-term homelessness”) and spending 26–100% of nights in these places (“long-term homelessness”) (Weiser et al, 2009). We defined at-risk drinking as having more than 7 standard drinks per week based on the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2005) definition of atrisk drinking for women.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Hospital Use in Homeless and Unstably Housed Women: The Role of Physical Health and Pain

Doran

Shumway

Hoff

et al. 2014

Women's Health Issues

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Purpose To examine correlates of emergency department (ED) use and hospitalizations in a community-based cohort of homeless and unstably housed women, with a focus on the role of physical health and pain. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline survey results from a study of homeless and unstably housed women in San Francisco. Primary outcomes were any self-reported ED visit and inpatient hospitalization over the prior 6 months. Primary independent variables of interest were self-reported physical health status, as measured by the Short Form-12 (SF-12), and bodily pain. Other potential covariates were organized using the Gelberg-Andersen Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations. Standard bivariate and multivariable logistic regression techniques were used. Results Three hundred homeless and unstably housed women were included in the study, of whom 37.7% reported having an ED visit and 23.0% reported being hospitalized in the prior 6 months. Mean SF-12 physical health scores indicated poorer than average health compared to the U.S. norm. Most women (79.3%) reported at least some limitation in their daily activities due to pain. In adjusted analyses, moderate and high levels of bodily pain were significantly correlated with ED visits (OR=2.92 and OR=2.57) and hospitalizations (OR=6.13 and OR=2.49). As SF-12 physical health scores decreased, indicating worse health, the odds of ED use increased. Predisposing, enabling and additional need factors did not mediate these associations. Conclusions Physical health and bodily pain are important correlates of ED visits and hospitalizations in homeless and unstably housed women. Interventions to reduce ED use among women who are homeless should address the high levels of pain in this population.

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Gender-Specific Correlates of Incarceration Among Marginally Housed Individuals in San Francisco

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Economic, Legal, and Social Hardships Associated with HIV Risk among Black Men who have Sex with Men in Six US Cities

Economic, Legal, and Social Hardships Associated with HIV Risk among Black Men who have Sex with Men in Six US Cities

High Rates of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection in Homeless Women: Informing Public Health Strategies

Correlates of Hospital Use in Homeless and Unstably Housed Women: The Role of Physical Health and Pain

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