Gender stereotypes at managerial positions in selected public institution

Abstract

The paper is focused on gender perception in a selected institution of public administration. The issue is considered a highly actual agenda deserving attention and research by means of which we can determine how perception of gender equality changes over time. The main goal of the article is to analyse managerial positions, find out and compare employees´ ideas of the chosen institution as to the compensation packages of men and women, find out the dependence of the institution´s success based on gender in managerial positions and identify the experiences in terms of employee discrimination based on gender. Detailed in the theoretical part are the definitions of notions and gender stereotypes, laws and contracts ensuring gender equality both in Slovakia and in the European Union. The data have been obtained through structured interviews and were further subjected to mathematical and statistical methods of evaluation described in the methodological part. Both the data and the conclusions have been assessed in final chapter of our article assuming our work.

Women in the workforce

“…Policies influence what work administrators do and who gets which jobs (Johnson and Crum-Cano, 2011). Gender stereotypes result in low representation of women in higher levels of management (Bohuslava, et al, 2018). As a result, organizations may fail to select women for leadership positions missing the talent and creativity of women (Voelck, 2004).…”

“…In general, men still occupy the positions of power in the workplace and dominate decisionmaking (Acker, 2012;Connell, 2006;Eagly and Carly, 2007). Decision-making within the organization reinforces gender stereotypes resulting in low representation of women in higher levels of company management (Bohuslava et al, 2018).…”

“…As such, gender roles that reinforce gender stereotypes lead to different behaviors in day-to-day interactions. At the individual level, gender is important in the understanding of how individuals internalize of gender identity (Bohuslava et al, 2018). Specific to this research, Bandura's (1997Bandura's ( , 2003Bandura's ( , 2009 explanation of the interrelationship among self-efficacy, evaluation and self-reaction on workplace behaviors lays the foundation for understanding individual behavior within the context of a constrained organizational system.…”

“…However, men and women experience organizational life in different ways with different barriers and opportunities. For example, women are often excluded from the decision-making process (Bohuslava et al, 2018). Despite attempts to equalize opportunities among men and women, salary, time spent at work or duties performed by women are different from those performed by men (Profiroiu and Nastaca, 2016).…”

Social safety and behavioral aspects of populations financial inclusion: A multicountry analysis

“…Many works, in particular, (Bausch, 2019), (Bilan et al, 2019a(Bilan et al, , 2018, (Brychko & Olejarz, 2019), (Munk et al, 2017), (Rudiawarni et al, 2020), (Vasilyeva et al, 2016(Vasilyeva et al, , 2019, (Shvindina, 2019) deal with the study of financial and business cycles based on time series analysis (seasonal, trend, cyclical component separation). Also there are a lot investigations about behavioral aspects in financial inclusion ( (Brychko, 2013), (Churilova et al, 2019), (Cortés-Sánchez & Rivera, 2019), (Djajanto et al, 2019), (Djalilov et al, 2015), (Hadbaa & Boutti, 2019), (Kaasa, 2019), (Katan et al, 2019), (Kolomiiets & Petrushenko, 2017), (Matošková, 2019), (Němcová & Staňková, 2019)) and protection of consumers ( (Piatek, 2018), (Poliakh, 2018), (Rehman, 2020), (Shapovalova et al, 2019), (Mihalčová et al, 2018)). Many scientific papers have found that the social safety of the population is also determined by the macroeconomic situation of the country (Aqil et al, 2019), (Bilan et al, 2019b, (Logan & Esmano, 2017), (Próchniak & Szyszko, 2019), (Packard et al, 2019); alternative factors related to the development of other sectors of the economy (industry, banking, investment, education) (Bilan et al, 2019c); (Buriak, 2015), (Ch & Semenog, 2017), (Klimontowicz, 2019), (Leonov et al, 2014(Leonov et al, , 2019, …”