Gender stereotyping in medical interaction: A Membership Categorization Analysis

Stommel, Wyke; Plug, Ilona; Hartman, Tim olde; Dulmen, Sandra van; Das, Enny

doi:10.1016/j.pec.2022.07.018

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For all professional groups involved in emergency care, this results in the need to be sensitized to gendersensitive care. This calls for reflection on how gender inequality is reproduced in everyday care [94,95]. Secondly, it needs to be communicated that women and men differ in the way that they communicate, both at the patient and at the professional level.…”

Section: Discussion Of Overall Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Gender-Sensitive Health Care in the Context of Pain, Emergency and Vaccination: A Narrative Review

Graf,

Simoes,

Kranz

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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So far, health care has been insufficiently organized in a gender-sensitive way, which makes the promotion of care that meets the needs of women and men equally emerge as a relevant public health problem. The aim of this narrative review was to outline the need for more gender-sensitive medical care in the context of pain, emergency care and vaccinations. In this narrative review, a selective search was performed in Pubmed, and the databases of the World Health Organization (WHO), the European Institute for Gender Equality and the German Federal Ministry of Health were searched. Study data indicate that there are differences between men and women with regard to the ability to bear pain. On the other hand, socially constructed role expectations in pain and the communication of these are also relevant. Studies indicate that women receive adequate pain medication less often than men with a comparable pain score. Furthermore, study results indicate that the female gender is associated with an increased risk of inadequate emergency care. In terms of vaccine provision, women are less likely than men to utilize or gain access to vaccination services, and there are gender-sensitive differences in vaccine efficacy and safety. Sensitization in teaching, research and care is needed to mitigate gender-specific health inequalities.

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Section: Discussion Of Overall Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Gender-Sensitive Health Care in the Context of Pain, Emergency and Vaccination: A Narrative Review

Graf,

Simoes,

Kranz

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…The unmet gendered expectations and undue pressure that persons with TBI experience to return to pre-injury gender identities and roles were demonstrated in our qualitative findings and aligns with previous work on patients with TBI and caregivers feeling unprepared to deal with post-injury changes and losses in valued abilities and roles once discharged home ( 55 ). The inability to do gender post-TBI can therefore profoundly impact recovery and long-term outcomes ( 56 ) and should be addressed in rehabilitation without reinforcing undue gender stereotypes ( 57 , 58 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An educational intervention to promote a culture of gender equity among persons with traumatic brain injury and caregivers: A pilot study

Hanafy

Quilico

Haag

et al. 2023

Front. Rehabil. Sci.

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BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes are dependent on patients' biological sex (e.g., hormone levels) and sociocultural gender (e.g., norms, responsibilities). Informal caregivers additionally experience disruptions to identity and roles post-TBI. However, information on this topic remains largely unavailable to patients and caregivers.PurposeThis study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a one-time educational intervention on sex and gender influences in TBI for patients and informal caregivers.Materials and methodsWe conducted a pilot pre-test/post-test randomized control-group design study. Groups (i.e., passive, active and control) consisted a total of 16 persons with TBI and caregivers (75% persons with TBI, 63% women). Individual and group learning gains, and group-average normalized gain, were computed for three learning domains: knowledge, attitude, and skill. An intervention with an average normalized gain of ≥30% was considered effective. Educational intervention evaluation and qualitative comments post-participation were summarized.ResultsThe passive group demonstrated the highest average normalized gain across the three learning domains, including 100% for knowledge, 40% and 61% for attitude, and 37% for skill. The remaining groups did not reach an average normalized gain of ≥30%, except for the attitude domain of the control group (33% and 32%). Two key categories were identified qualitatively: (1) gendered self-expectations post-injury and (2) implications of gender stereotypes in rehabilitation, including the need for rehabilitation treatment to look beyond sex and gender. The post-participation educational session evaluation conveyed high appraisal of content, organization, and usability of the intervention.ConclusionA one-time passive educational intervention on sex and gender in TBI may improve knowledge, attitude, and skill on the topic of sex and gender among adults with TBI and caregivers. Obtaining knowledge and skill on sex and gender effects in TBI can potentially help persons with TBI and caregivers adapt to changes in roles and behaviours post-injury.

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“…[62][63][64][65] More specifically, significantly higher SCL-90 SOM scores were reported in male-to-female transsexual and transgender individuals than in cisgender men. 66 These increased rates of common somatic symptoms are often attributed to the psychological distress that is inherent to gender dysphoria. The inability to adhere to imposed societal norms on masculinity and femininity is theorized to cause anticipated and internalized stigma in these individuals, which results in a higher chance of reporting somatic symptoms.…”

Section: Sex and Gender And The Relation To Common Somatic Symptoms A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary care providers could also explore the sex and gender differences in their own medical actions, such as the provision of diagnostic interventions and the effectiveness hereof, and in their communication. 66 As sex differences in medical actions may be due to gender stereotypes, primary care providers are encouraged to identify their own gender stereotypes and discuss these within the medical community in order to prevent misconceptions and provide gender-sensitive care that is tailored to the patient.…”

Section: Clinical Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender stereotyping in medical interaction: A Membership Categorization Analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

The Importance of Gender-Sensitive Health Care in the Context of Pain, Emergency and Vaccination: A Narrative Review

The Importance of Gender-Sensitive Health Care in the Context of Pain, Emergency and Vaccination: A Narrative Review

An educational intervention to promote a culture of gender equity among persons with traumatic brain injury and caregivers: A pilot study

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