Gender Wage Gap in the Czech Republic: First Descriptive Analysis Based on Survey 2011

Abstract

In this paper, we show the first descriptive evidence of factors explaining gender wage differences from a unique questionnaire survey that was carried out on a representative sample for the Czech Republic. We observe large wage differences related to gender; without any reasons, Czech women earn on average 77.80% of men's wages. The survey uncovers that there is a number of differences among men and women which may help to explain the wage differences.

Influence of female managers on gender wage gap and returns to cognitive and non‐cognitive skills

“…These results should be treated with caution, as the models ignore both differences between male and female employees and gender segregation in the labour market (see the online Appendix 1 or Balcar et al, for more information on gender differences). The potential importance of gender segregation can be illustrated by the fact that: (i) the distribution of female managers, that is, employees with female managers, is not random throughout the economy (dependence of the prevalence of female managers on economic sector, employer size and occupation was found statistically significant at the 0.05 level or lower); and (ii) there is a close relationship between the gender of the manager and his/her subordinates in our sample (statistically significant at the 0.001 level); see Table .…”

“…Definitions of the variables employed in this article and their descriptive statistics for men and women separately can be found in the online Appendix 1 at http://homen.vsb.cz/~bal112/app-05-01.pdf (hereafter Appendix 1). For the gender‐based descriptive analysis using the data from the Survey, see Balcar, Filipová, and Machová ().…”

Selected Gender Gap Indicators – Comparison of V4 Countries within EU Context

“…The subindex components like female labor force participation is reflected in uncovering discriminatory practices by employers against pregnant women and women with small children being decisive in women's decisions to postpone or forego childbearing (Mishtal, 2009), consequences of reconciling work with family care, like the negative and significant impact of motherhood reducing the likelihood of career choices in the Czech Republic (Brožová, 2015), negative impact of lengthy parental leave on chances to return to labor market in Hungary (Fodor and Kispeter, 2014), labor market discrimination of women due to their motherhood in Poland (Heinen and Wator, 2006), Czech society making parenthood a significant handicap for the social inclusion of women who are mothers of young children in the Czech Republic (Křížková and Vohlídalová, 2009). Further wage discrimination war mirrored in proving motherhood wage penalty in Czech Republic (Žofková, 2014), gender discrimination explaining about half of the wage gap across Visegrad countries (Pailhe, 2000) and further gender biased remuneration studies (Vlachová, 2014;Mysíková, 2012;Balcar, 2012;Pytlíková, 2012;Křížková et al, 2010). The gender misbalanced ratio of senior officials and managers was investigated in cases of vertical segregation in business environment in the Czech Republic (Křečková, 2013;Křečková Kroupová, 2009), as well as also in the research institutions in Slovakia (Piscová, 2003).…”

“…Competitiveness and GDP per capita have higher values than those at the 1 st cluster, but show some small overlaps with countries of the 1st cluster. 1 The maximal value is without Luxembourg, which has the extremely high value 102 thousand USD per capita.…”

“…Scientists studied discrimination on the labor market (Žofková, 2014;Brožová, 2006;Mishtal, 2009, Pailhe, 2000Joliffe and Campos, 2005), on consequences of reconciling work with family care (Brožová, 2015;Fodor and Kispeter, 2014;Heinen and Wator, 2006; Křížková and Vohlídalová, 2009), horizontal segregation (Picka, 2014;Piscová, 2003), gender balance in the field of remuneration (Vlachová, 2014;Mysíková, 2012;Balcar, 2012;Pytlíková, 2012;Křížková et al, 2010) and vertical segregation (Křečková, 2013;Křečková Kroupová, 2009;Piscová, 2003). Relationship of gender gap, competitiveness and…”