Gendered Effects of Siblings on Child Malnutrition in South Asia: Cross-sectional Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys from Bangladesh, India, and Nepal

Raj, Anita; McDougal, Lotus; Silverman, Jay G.

doi:10.1007/s10995-014-1513-0

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…(stunting/underweight). [15] However, this study did not find any significant gender or sibling-based effect on malnutrition.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Malnutrition in under five children in Turbhe stores urban slums in Navi Mumbai

Mukherjee¹

2014

Int J Med Sci Public Health

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Background: Malnutrition is a problem not only in rural area but also among the urban poor. Also, the urban poor are a neglected segment of population in terms of basic services and amenities. Nutrition in children is affected by various determinants including mother's level of knowledge, attitudes and practices. Hence, this study was conducted in an urban slum setting to understand the extent and determinants of malnutrition in children below five years of age. Aims & Objectives: The study objectives were to understand the knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers with respect to nutrition of their under five children and to measure the extent of malnutrition in the sample population of under five children. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study and data was collected on a sample of 300 children under five years and their mothers selected through cluster sampling technique in Turbhe stores urban slum community of Navi Mumbai. Using a semistructured interview schedule, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) on nutrition among mothers of these children were assessed and anthropometric measurements were taken. The study used the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for measuring malnutrition. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS, version 20. z score analysis for malnutrition assessment was done using the appropriate WHO software. Results: The knowledge levels of mothers regarding breast-feeding were mixed. Majority (88%) of the mothers were aware that only breast-feeding is required post-delivery, and duration of breast-feeding could be more than six months. there was a gap in knowledge about breast-feeding practice during infant illness. Only 9% of mothers had the correct knowledge to increase breast feeding if the infant was ill and 20% felt breast feeding should be decreased during illness of child. Mothers had very poor knowledge about nutritious food. The attitude score was created using the Likert scale with a minimum score of 16 and maximum score of 64. The mean attitude score was 54.29 with a standard deviation of 5.24. In terms of breast-feeding practices, 74 (24.6%) mothers did not initiate breast-feeding within one hour of birth, and only 21 (7%) mothers increased breast feed frequency during illness of child. Conclusion: The study found gaps in knowledge about breast-feeding practices among mothers and very poor practices related to adequate nutrition for children. Stunting was seen in more than 50 % of children. However, the mothers had a very positive overall attitude about improving nutrition of their children and were willing to learn about it. This provides an opportunity for a targeted intervention among the mothers of these children in the community.

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“…(stunting/underweight). [15] However, this study did not find any significant gender or sibling-based effect on malnutrition.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Malnutrition in under five children in Turbhe stores urban slums in Navi Mumbai

Mukherjee¹

2014

Int J Med Sci Public Health

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“…The child mortality rate in Nepal not only differs among its neighbors and developed countries but also differs based on socioeconomic characteristics such as place of residence, education, wealth status, place of delivery and disparities in health care delivery systems. Under-5 death rates are higher among the poor, uneducated and rural people whose children are generally born at home [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female labor force participation, paid maternity, caste system and under-5 mortality in Nepal

Timilsina

Sawangdee

Hunchangsith

et al. 2019

JHR

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Purpose The under-5 mortality rate in Nepal remains high in comparison to neighboring countries and developed nations. The result of this problem on Nepal’s social, economic, political and cultural development makes it an urgent priority requiring the Nepalese Government to address this issue. The purpose of this paper is to find out if Nepal’s high female labor force participation (FLFP), the caste system and no paid maternity leave are contributing factors to under-5 deaths in Nepal. Design/methodology/approach Data for this study were taken from Nepal’s cross-sectional demographic health survey 2016–2017. The study sample included 5,060 children born to 3,074 mothers in the five years preceding the survey. Data were collected by interviewing respondents via a structured questionnaire selected through stratified random sampling methods. Findings The study found that the hazard ratio for FLFP, the caste of the mother and paid maternity were 1.145, 1.485 and 0.556, respectively, with a p-value <0.001. Therefore, the risk of death in children under-5 years for a working mother, a Terai caste mother and a mother who did not get paid maternity was 14, 45 and 48 percent, respectively, higher than for non-working mothers, mothers from other castes and mothers who got paid maternity. Originality/value This research demonstrated that FLFP, the caste of the mother and paid maternity leave are important factors for determining the risk of death in children under the age of 5.

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“…4 Moreover, the presence of under-5 siblings in the household might act as a modifying factor in the causal pathway of childhood malnutrition, and such information is grossly lacking especially in the developing countries including Bangladesh. 5 The urban Diarrheal Disease Surveillance System (DDSS) of Dhaka Hospital of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), has been enroling every 50th patient irrespective of age, sex, socio-economic status and disease severity since 1996 (details have been reported elsewhere). 6 Concurrent information on the presence of under-5 siblings in the household and information on socio-demographic background with other clinical features are collected from the enrolled children using a structured questionnaire by a trained personnel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood malnutrition in households with contemporary siblings: a scenario from urban Bangladesh

Das

Hasan

et al. 2015

Eur J Clin Nutr

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This study aimed to determine the effect of the presence of under-5 siblings (⩾ 1) in a household on childhood malnutrition in urban Bangladesh. During 2000 and 2013, a total of 16,948 under-5 children were enrolled in the Diarrhoeal Disease Surveillance of icddr,b. Under-5 siblings were categorised as ⩾ 1 and none except the child himself. In univariate analysis, the presence of siblings was associated with 1.13 (risk ratios=1.13; 95% CI:1.06-1.20) times higher risk of being stunted, 1.17 (1.09-1.25) times for wasted and 1.19 (1.13-1.26) times underweight compared with their peers who did not have siblings. In multivariate analysis, such associations remained significant for stunting (1.08; 1.01-1.15), wasting (1.12; 1.04-1.21) and underweight (1.13, 1.06-1.19) after controlling for possible confounders such as age of child, sex, parental education, maternal employment, family size, wealth quintile and time (year). The presence of under-5 siblings increases the risk of malnutrition in children in urban Bangladesh.

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Gendered Effects of Siblings on Child Malnutrition in South Asia: Cross-sectional Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys from Bangladesh, India, and Nepal

Cited by 45 publications

References 31 publications

Malnutrition in under five children in Turbhe stores urban slums in Navi Mumbai

Malnutrition in under five children in Turbhe stores urban slums in Navi Mumbai

Female labor force participation, paid maternity, caste system and under-5 mortality in Nepal

Childhood malnutrition in households with contemporary siblings: a scenario from urban Bangladesh

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