Gendered Expressions of Psychopathy: Correctional Staffs' Perceptions of the CAPP and CABP Models

Abstract

It has been suggested that psychopathy and borderline personality disorder (BPD) are associated and that they could be differently gendered variants of the same underlying phenotype. This study explored gender-specific perceptions of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP) and the Comprehensive Assessment of Borderline Personality (CABP). Correctional staff (n D 87) were asked to rate the prototypicality of these models for women and men with psychopathy. The results provide further support for the CAPP model as a promising conceptualization of psychopathy. Findings show few gender differences and lend support to psychopathy and BPD as overlapping constructs.

Psychopathic Personality Disorder

“…Viljoen et al (2015) used a parallel concept map-the Comprehensive Assessment of Borderline Personality (CABP). The general conclusions of their research are that most CAPP symptoms have good specificity, that is, the symptoms are rated as moderately to highly prototypical of PPD but not of other disorders (Pauli et al 2018;Viljoen et al 2015). In sum, there is growing evidence of the content validity of the CAPP concept model.…”

“…First, some studies have examined the overall prototypicality of individual CAPP symptoms; these symptoms have been contrasted with so-called "foil" symptoms, that is, with symptoms of personality disorders that are conceptually irrelevant to PPD. Studies of this type have been carried out in languages as diverse as English, Norwegian, French, Spanish, Persian and Korean (e.g., Flórez et al 2015;Pauli et al 2018;Sea 2018). The overarching conclusions of this strand of research are that the CAPP symptoms are rated as significantly more prototypical of PPD than are foil symptoms and certain CAPP symptoms are more prototypical than others (e.g., Lacks remorse, Unempathic, Selfcentred are rated highly prototypical).…”

“…The general conclusions of this research are that prototypicality ratings are quite consistent across different groups implying that the concept may be less biased than other concepts of PPD. Pauli et al (2018), for example, concluded that "…the CAPP symptoms are relatively gender-neutral" (p. 106).…”

An Economic Analysis of Crime Costs Associated with Psychopathic Personality Disorder and Violence Risk

“…Given the substantial intraindividual co-occurrence of personality disorders (Hopwood et al, 2018;Mullins-Sweatt, 2013;Widiger et al, 2009) and the conceptual and empirical overlap between BPD and PPD (e.g., Miller et al, 2010;Pauli et al, 2018), one might expect an established body of PPD COI research. However, only several partial examinations exist on the cost of PPD.…”

How much does that cost? Examining the economic costs of crime in North America attributable to people with psychopathic personality disorder.

“…Psychopathic personality disorder, which can be conceptualized as a more severe version of antisocial personality disorder (Coid & Ullrich, 2010;Yoon et al, 2021), is characterized by longstanding problems with empathy, manipulativeness, irresponsibility, impulsivity, dishonesty, and a pattern of social misconduct (Cleckley, 1941(Cleckley, , 1976Cooke et al, 2012;Hare, 2003). Considering the substantial intraindividual comorbidity of personality disorders (Mullins-Sweatt, 2013;Widiger et al, 2009;Widiger & Trull, 2007) and the conceptual and empirical overlap between BPD and PPD (Miller et al, 2010;Pauli et al, 2018;Viljoen et al, 2015), an established body of PPD COI research may be expected. Yet, this reasoning does not prove true.…”