Gendering citizenship in Western Europe

License to Care? Migrant Domestic Workers in Spanish Employment and Family Policy

“…It was argued that domestic work has "changed in nature" increasingly involving care, and that this changing character of the work should result in a higher valuation. However, studies have shown that domestic care work is most often labeled "unskilled" and, thus, its little social value is legitimized (Lister et al 2007). …”

“…The way in which the European welfare states organize care is changing in the context of their restructuring, aging populations, and the current economic crisis. Given the divergence between the need for care and the lack of adequate care services in Europe, migrant women have been brought into care and domestic work (Kofman 2001;Lister et al 2007;Williams and Gavanas 2008;Widding Isaksen 2010). The Southern European family care model (Anttonen and Sipilä 1996) involves limited public care provision, predominance of informal family care, and increasing market for domestic care services.…”

Reproduction and citizenship/reproducing citizens: editorial introduction

“…This has led to arguments about how the analysis of the ways in which welfare regimes of the global north support, provide or neglect care-work is crucial to understanding citizenship (Knijn and Kremer 1997;Tronto 2001;Lister et al 2007;Bergman et al 2012;Le Feuvre et al 2012). Relatedly, the care-work of citizen-mothers has come to be understood as vital to "the reproduction of the nation" (Yuval-Davis and Anthias 1989;Yuval-Davis 1996;Luibheid 2004;Tyler 2013), so that demographic concerns about the health, strength and/ or ethnic/ racial composition of the nation have historically often shaped reproductive law and policy, and hence who is and is not able to have children (Yuval-Davis and Anthias 1989;Mottier and Gerodetti 2007).…”

“…This work has been framed through a variety of conceptualisations of citizenship, each of which offers a rather different emphasis: feminist citizenship (Jones 1990;Lister 1997), inclusive citizenship (Knijn and Kremer 1997;Lister 2007), gendered citizenship (Siim 2000;Lister et al 2007;Caldwell et al 2009;Sümer 2011, 2012), sexual citizenship (Cossman 2007;Ryan-Flood 2009), intimate citizenship (Plummer 2003(Plummer , 2005Smyth 2008;Roseneil 2010;Roseneil et al 2012), as well as embodied (Bacchi and Beasley 2002), bodily (Outshoorn et al 2012) and biopolitical (Tyler 2010) citizenship.…”

Welfare, Work and Migration from a Gender Perspective: <i>Back to ‘family settings’?</i>

“…In the Nordic model, care is commonly organized by public policy organizations. Welfare regimes also have influence in matters of parenthood and the system of family care, and in the Nordic welfare state model, the matter of parenthood is either publicly organized or at least supported by public actors (Anttonen et al 2003;Anttonen & Sipilä 2002;Lister et al 2007;Anttonen 1994). …”