Gene action and heritability in bi-parental crosses of sunflower

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in the contrasting locations of Kafr-El-Hamam/Sharkia and Al-Arish/North Sinai agricultural research stations of the Agricultural Research Center in Egypt. We estimated the additive and dominance genetic variances, as well as heritability in the broad and narrow senses for sunflower yield and its attributes in the cross L350 x L355 using North Carolina Design-III. The magnitude of the additive variances for all studied traits at both locations in proportion to the phenotypic variances was larger than the dominance variances. The average degree of dominance was greater than the unit, as also confirmed by the high narrow-sense heritability for most of the studied traits. The genetic improvement may be achieved through the selection of genotypes with larger head diameter and heavier seed weight which also showed moderate to high values of narrow-sense heritability. Thirty-two sunflower backcrosses were grouped into eight distinct clusters/groups by canonical analysis.

Evaluation of Combining Ability and Heterosis for Earliness and Growth Traits of some Sunflower Genotypes under Water Stress Conditions

“…These results indicating the wide diversity among the parental material and enough genetic variability adequate for further biometrical assessment. This result is in agreement with the results of Sultan, et al (2009a), Sultan, et al, (2009b), Sultan, et al (2010), Abd El-Satar, et al (2015, Abd El-Satar (2017), Ahmed, et al (2019), Abdelsatar, et al (2020), Abdelsatar and Hassan (2020), and Ibrahim, Suzan et al (2021).…”

“…This result is in agreement with the results of Sultan, et al (2009a), Sultan, et al, (2009b), Sultan, et al (2010), Abd El-Satar, et al (2015, Abd El-Satar (2017), Ahmed, et al (2019), Abdelsatar, et al (2020), Ibrahim, Suzan et al (2021).…”

“…Parents vs. crosses mean squares as sign to average of heterosis overall crosses were found to be highly significant for achene yield and its components. This result is in cotract with the results of Sultan, et al (2009a), Sultan, et al, (2009b), Sultan, et al (2010), Abd El-Satar, et al (2015, Abd El-Satar (2017), Ahmed, et al (2019), Abdelsatar, et al (2020), Ibrahim, Suzan et al (2021).…”

“…Mean squares due to interaction of irrigation with genotypes as parentages, crosses and parents vs crosses were distinguished for growth traits, revealing that irrigation had considerable environmental variation caused in changes in the ordering of wholly populace components, i.e., respectful rejoinders of various genotypes and classified in a different way from irrigation treatment to another irrigation treatment. These results are in arrangement with the outcomes of Sultan, et al (2009a), Sultan, et al, (2009b), Sultan, et al (2010), Abd El-Satar, et al (2015, Abd El-Satar (2017), Ahmed, et al (2019), Abdelsatar, et al (2020, Ibrahim, Suzan et al (2021).…”

“…Furthermore, Khani et al (2005) in Iran, indicated that the general combining ability/specific combining ability ratio revealed that under no-stress conditions, the non-additive (dominance) variance was significant and more important in the expression of 1000-seed weight than the additive one. In addition, Sultan, et al (2009a), Sultan, et al, (2009b), Sultan, et al (2010), Abd El-Satar, et al (2015), Abd El-Satar (2017), Ahmed, et al (2019), Abdelsatar, et al (2020), Abdelsatar and Hassan (2020), and Ibrahim, Suzan et al (2021) found that both additive and non-additive gene actions were significant in the expression of examined traits, with a predominance of non-additive gene action for most traits. As a consequence, precise genetic information on earliness and maturity traits as well as growth traits inherited in these breeding materials provides the best opportunity for designing efficient breeding program and/or selection techniques to improve these traits in sunflower.…”