Gene Expression Analysis Detected a Low Expression Level of <b><i>C1s</i></b> Gene in ICR-Derived Glomerulonephritis (ICGN) Mice

Abstract

Background: ICR-derived glomerulonephritis (ICGN) strain is a novel inbred strain of mice with a hereditary nephrotic syndrome. Deletion mutation of tensin 2 (Tns2), a focal adhesion molecule, has been suggested to be responsible for nephrotic syndrome in ICGN mice; however, the existence of other associative factors has been suggested. Methods and Results: To identify additional associative factors and to better understand the onset mechanism of nephrotic syndrome in ICGN mice, we conducted a comprehensive gene expression analysis using DNA microarray. Immune-related pathways were markedly altered in ICGN mice kidney as compared with ICR mice. Furthermore, the gene expression level of complement component 1, s subcomponent (C1s), whose human homologue has been reported to associate with lupus nephritis, was markedly low in ICGN mouse kidney. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction confirmed a low expression level of C1s in ICGN mouse liver where the C1s protein is mainly synthesized. A high serum level of anti-dsDNA antibody and deposits of immune complexes were also detected in ICGN mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemical analyses, respectively. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the immune system, especially the complement system, is associated with nephrotic syndrome in ICGN mice. We identified a low expression level of C1s gene as an additional associative factor for nephrotic syndrome in ICGN mice. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of the complement system in the onset of nephrotic syndrome in ICGN mice.

Meta-analysis of polycystic kidney disease expression profiles defines strong involvement of injury repair processes

“…We compared the PKD Signature with other kidney diseases, for which expression profiling studies have been published in the literature (1,7,63,72) (Table 4). The Fh1 knockout hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) model that develops renal cysts (49), had the highest enrichment with the PKD Signature with an RF of 3.3.…”

Analyzing the lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA-associated ceRNA networks to reveal potential prognostic biomarkers for glioblastoma multiforme

“…Previous study shows that C1s is expressed in the liver, brain and kidney [35]. It has been demonstrated that C1s deficiency was associated with ICR-Derived Glomerulonephritis (ICGN) and systemic lupus erythematosus [36,37]. However, little research has In this study, we have proved that the expression of C1s was upregulated in GBM tissues and that its overexpression level presented a poor prognosis in patients with GBM ( Fig.…”

“…Previous study shows that C1s is expressed in the liver, brain and kidney [ 35 ]. It has been demonstrated that C1s deficiency was associated with ICR-Derived Glomerulonephritis (ICGN) and systemic lupus erythematosus [ 36 , 37 ]. However, little research has been done on the function of C1s in tumors and gliomas.…”