Gene Expression and Regulation of Higher Plants Under Soil Water Stress

Abstract

Higher plants not only provide human beings renewable food, building materials and energy, but also play the most important role in keeping a stable environment on earth. Plants differ from animals in many aspects, but the important is that plants are more easily influenced by environment than animals. Plants have a series of fine mechanisms for responding to environmental changes, which has been established during their long-period evolution and artificial domestication. The machinery related to molecular biology is the most important basis. The elucidation of it will extremely and purposefully promote the sustainable utilization of plant resources and make the best use of its current potential under different scales. This molecular mechanism at least includes drought signal recognition (input), signal transduction (many cascade biochemical reactions are involved in this process), signal output, signal responses and phenotype realization, which is a multi-dimension network system and contains many levels of gene expression and regulation. We will focus on the physiological and molecular adaptive machinery of plants under soil water stress and draw a possible blueprint for it. Meanwhile, the issues and perspectives are also discussed. We conclude that biological measures is the basic solution to solving various types of issues in relation to sustainable development and the plant measures is the eventual way.

Regulation of Rubisco gene expression in C4 plants

“…However, an understanding of regulatory sequences on DNA or mRNA and cis-acting factors they interact with has lagged behind other plant gene systems [5,26,27]. It is clear that Rubisco genes are highly regulated and have been modified for BSC specificity in kranz species or plastid specificity SC-C 4 plants.…”

A vacuole localized β-glucosidase contributes to drought tolerance in Arabidopsis

“…Endogenous ABA levels increase dramatically in response to drought stress in plants, and regulate a complicated gene network system to increase resistance to stresses [9,29]. To further confirm the function of BGLU10 in drought responses, we examined total β-glucosidase activity under normal growth conditions or drought stress in the bglu10 mutant, BGLU10-OE lines, and WT plants.…”

Characterization ofArabidopsis thalianaGCN2 kinase roles in seed germination and plant development

“…In response to both biotic and abiotic stresses, a plant makes elastic and plastic adjustments by implying signaling pathways that convert environmental cues into discrete intracellular events. [1][2][3][4] While transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulatory mechanisms actively participate in this regulation, translational control of gene expression that globally alters protein synthesis rate has emerged as a crucial and very effective mechanism to rapidly mediate signaling in cellular stress pathways. 5 Intriguingly, mechanism of amino acids sensing is conserved across evolutionarily diverged species.…”