Gene expression following traumatic brain injury in humans: analysis by microarray

Michael, Daniel B.; Byers, Donna M.; Irwin, Louis N.

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2004.11.003

Cited by 60 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Pierwotnie ograniczony uraz może wtórnie doprowadzić do uogólnionych zmian w tkance nerwowej (np. DAI), zatem przy krytycznej interpretacji wyniku badań neuroimmunochemicznych należy dokładnie przeanalizować dostępne dane dotyczące charakteru i lokalizacji urazu pierwotnego mózgu, a także obecności urazów wtórnych (obrzęk, efekt masy, podwyższone ciśnienie wewnątrzczaszkowe, wgło-bienia, respiratoroterapia), które mogą dodatkowo wpływać na globalną ekspresję genów i białek [32]. Zasadne wydaje się również weryfikowanie (optymalnie immunohistochemicznie przeciwciałem anty-APP, skierowanym przeciw białku prekursora β-amyloidu) obecności DAI w każdym przypadku podejrzenia urazu czaszkowo-mózgowego, ponieważ jak już wspomniano, DAI może powodować zmiany w ekspresji białek, w tym neurofilamentów [6,17,27].…”

Section: Czynniki Warunkujące Wartość Wyniku Badania Neuroimmunochemiunclassified

Neurofilaments and traumatic brain injury

Kobek¹,

Skowronek²,

Jankowski³

et al. 2014

amsik

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StreszczenieW neurotraumatologii medyczno-sądowej praktyczne znaczenie ma obiektywne ustalenie wieku -czasu powstania stłuczenia mózgu. Obecnie postęp immunohistochemii umożliwia badania elementów strukturalnych komórek, w tym także białek cytoszkieletu neuronu -neurofilamentów, które ze względu na swoje właściwości mogłyby zostać wykorzystane do określania wieku obrażeń mózgu w medycynie sądowej. Celem niniejszej pracy jest przegląd aktualnego piśmiennictwa pod kątem badań dotyczących zmian zachodzących w neurofilamentach po urazie mózgu, zarówno w modelach zwierzęcych, jak i w ludzkim materiale biologicznym. Przegląd wykazał brak danych dotyczących czasowych zmian struktury neurofilamentów po urazie mózgu u ludzi, które mogłyby zostać wykorzystane do określania wieku obrażeń w medycynie sądowej.Słowa kluczowe: neurostruktura, neurofilamenty, urazowe uszkodzenie mózgu, medycyna sądowa, immunohistochemia. AbstractObjective determination of the time of brain contusion is of key importance in medicolegal neurotraumatology. Currently, the progress of immunohistochemistry allows the study of structural elements of cells including neurofilaments, i.e. neuronal cytoskeletal proteins possessing properties that could be used for determining the age of brain injury in forensic medicine. The purpose of this study was to review recently published literature with a focus on studies investigating changes which occur in neurofilaments after brain trauma, both in animal models and in human biological material. The review has shown a lack of data on temporal changes in neurofilament expression after human brain trauma which could be used for determining the age of injuries in forensic medicine.

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Section: Czynniki Warunkujące Wartość Wyniku Badania Neuroimmunochemiunclassified

Neurofilaments and traumatic brain injury

Kobek¹,

Skowronek²,

Jankowski³

et al. 2014

amsik

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“…TBI may lead to changes in expression of some genes [32]. The targets and functional impact of these genetic changes are not fully understood, and this must be corrected before we can exploit these changes to develop treatments.…”

Section: Understanding Existing Treatment Approaches and Developing Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic brain injury research opportunities: Results of Department of Veterans Affairs Consensus Conference

Kupersmith¹,

Lew²,

Ommaya³

et al. 2009

JRRD

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the foremost medical problems resulting from the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. In 2006, 13,969 active-duty servicemen and servicewomen with incident TBI were treated in the military medical system; of those, 7.6 percent were hospitalized [1]. While the consequences of moderate to severe TBI capture public and media attention, the majority of brain injuries are mild. Mild TBI (mTBI) represents 85 to 90 percent of civilians with TBI and a large majority with war-related TBI [2][3][4][5]. Our current ability to accurately diagnose war-related mTBI is greatly challenged because much of our knowledge of this injury is based on experience accrued from civilian patients, even though the conditions under which war-related injuries occur differ vastly from those of civilian injuries. TBIs of civilian patients typically result from falls or motor-vehicle or sports-related incidents, whereas war-related TBIs are more often sustained under emotionally traumatic circumstances. Furthermore, since a major portion of current war-related injuries result from blast exposure, inherently different mechanical processes are involved.Although the definition of mTBI varies, it typically refers to injuries that are associated with loss or alteration of consciousness for <30 minutes, posttraumatic amnesia for <24 hours, and an acute Glasgow Coma Score of 13-15 [6]. The most frequent complaints include headaches, fatigue, irritability, and attention and memory problems. Based on civilian experience, the belief is that the majority of otherwise healthy young individuals fully recover from a single uncomplicated mTBI within anywhere from several days to, at most, several months. However, a minority of patients with mTBI experience persistent problems. Diagnosing TBI may be difficult when patients arrive months after the initial injury and present with symptoms that are concordant with traumatic exposure.Postconcussive syndrome (PCS) is diagnosed when patients with mTBI present with ongoing symptomatic complaints. Those who experience multiple TBIs are more likely to have long-lasting symptoms [7]. PCS can occur with any level of head injury severity. According to recent reports, U.S. soldiers returning from Iraq have a high rate of coexistence of mTBI-related complaints and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [8]. PTSD is an anxiety disorder that may develop after exposure to a traumatic event in which grave harm occurred or was threatened [9]. PCS and PTSD have many symptoms in common, but a hallmark of PTSD is reexperiencing the traumatic event. As expected, PTSD is more prevalent than TBI in combat veterans.An important issue that complicates differentiating traumatic stress and TBI is the retrospective diagnosis of war-related mTBI. The diagnosis is

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“…Thus the variables accompanying TBI, combined with the difficulty of obtaining sufficient numbers of characterised human samples, has impeded the use of transcriptomics on human samples to such a degree that to our knowledge there is only one transcriptomic study using multiple human brain samples following TBI [107] . This study, on 7 patients, serves to exemplify many of the problems encountered when controlling for variables in human TBI, including age, gender, ethnicity, type and severity of injury, time elapsed since injury, pharmacological intervention, alcohol consumption, anaesthetics, and appropriate control samples.…”

Section: Neurotraumamentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Applications of Transcriptomics for Discovery in CNS Disease and Injury

Munro

Perreau²

2009

Neurosignals

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The central nervous system (CNS) displays heterogeneity at regional, cellular and subcellular levels, making analysis of transcriptomic events accompanying neural injury particularly challenging. Microarray technology provides methods for elucidating global changes in neural gene expression and discovery of signalling pathways within this complex biological network. The lack of suitable and sufficient human CNS tissue along with its inherent variability means that diverse animal models of both multiple sclerosis and neurotrauma are vital for examining the pathophysiological changes accompanying neural injury resulting from disease or trauma. Gene expression profiling of these models is providing valuable information about mechanisms of damage, repair and regeneration and candidate treatments. In vitro models of neural injury are also proving useful, and transcriptomics is enhancing our understanding of the properties of neural stem cells with a view to their therapeutic application in neural repair. Thoughtful experimental design and analysis of microarray experiments is crucial for extracting biological meaning from the vast amount of data produced. In this review we discuss the current and emerging application of transcriptomics for the study of neural function in health, disease and injury.

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Gene expression following traumatic brain injury in humans: analysis by microarray

Cited by 60 publications

References 11 publications

Neurofilaments and traumatic brain injury

Neurofilaments and traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury research opportunities: Results of Department of Veterans Affairs Consensus Conference

Current and Future Applications of Transcriptomics for Discovery in CNS Disease and Injury

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