Gene expression for HIV-associated dementia and HIV encephalitis in microdissected neurons 1: preliminary analysis

Abstract

Abstract:We analyzed gene expression in neurons from 16 cases divided into four groups, ie, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia (HAD)/HIV encephalitis (HAD/ HIVE), HAD alone, HIVE alone, and HIV positive alone. We produced the neurons using laser capture microdissection from cryopreserved basal ganglia (specifically globus pallidus). Gene expression in pooled neurons from each case was analyzed on GE CodeLink Microarray chips with 55,000 gene fragments per chip. One-way analysis of variance showed significant changes in expression of 197 genes among the four groups (P , 0.005). The three groups, ie, HAD/HIVE, HAD alone, and HIVE alone, were compared with the HIV-positive group using Fisher's least significant difference test, and associated gene expression changes were assigned to each of the three comparisons. Identified genes were associated with 159 functional categories and many of the genes had more than one function. The functional groups included adhesion,

Transcriptome analysis of HIV-infected peripheral blood monocytes: Gene transcripts and networks associated with neurocognitive functioning

“…Gene expression studies have also been widely used to investigate and discover cellular mechanism involved in the pathogenesis advanced HAND and HIVE. Many of these have involved the use of homogenized samples of post-mortem brain tissue (Masliah et al, 2004, Roberts et al, 2003, Roberts et al, 2004, Shapshak et al, 2004a, Gelman et al, 2012), while others have examined specific brain cells in vitro, such as astrocytes or neurons (Shapshak et al, 2004b, Kim et al, 2004, Kolson et al, 2004, Borjabad et al, Shapshak P, 2011), the results of which have led to further insights regarding the neuropathogenesis of HAD and HIVE. However, while studies using brain tissue have been useful in describing cellular alterations associated with HAD, they are of limited utility for defining clinically practical biomarkers.…”