Gene expression of mouse M1 and M2 pyruvate kinase isoenzymes correlates with differential poly[A] tract extension of their mRNAs during the development of spermatogenesis

Luis, Oscar; Mazo, Jesús del

doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(97)00195-4

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It has been reported that the lengths of the poly(A) tails of mRNAs for metallothionein [23], glucose transporter-1 [29], c-myc [30], albumin [31], arginine-vasotocin [32] and vasopressin [33] can be shortened under both normal and artificially regulated conditions. The poly(A) tails of M1 and M2 pyruvate kinase mRNAs are elongated and shortened respectively during spermatogenesis [34]. In the present experiments, the poly(A) tail of G3PDH mRNA was not altered in length, confirming previous results [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The poly(A) tail length of casein mRNA in the lactating mammary gland changes depending upon the accumulation and removal of milk

Kuraishi

Sun

Aoki

et al. 2000

Biochemical Journal

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The length of casein mRNA from the lactating mouse mammary gland, as assessed on Northern blots, is shorter after weaning, but is elongated following the removal of milk. In order to investigate this phenomenon, the molecular structures of β- and γ-casein mRNAs were analysed. The coding and non-coding regions of the two forms were the same length, but the long form of casein mRNA had a longer poly(A) tail than the short form (P < 0.05). In order to examine the stability of casein mRNA under identical conditions, casein mRNAs with the long and short poly(A) tails were incubated in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate (RRL) cell-free translation system. Casein mRNA with the long poly(A) tail had a longer half-life than that with the short tail (P < 0.05). The β- and γ-casein mRNAs were first degraded into 0.92 and 0.81 kb fragments respectively. With undegraded mRNA, the poly(A) tail shortening by exoribonuclease was not observed until the end of the incubation. Northern blot analysis showed that casein mRNA with the long poly(A) tail was protected efficiently from endoribonucleases. We conclude that the length of the poly(A) tail of casein mRNA in the lactating mammary gland changes depending upon the accumulation and removal of the gland's milk, and we show that the longer poly(A) tail potentially protects the mRNA from degradation by endoribonucleases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The poly(A) tail length of casein mRNA in the lactating mammary gland changes depending upon the accumulation and removal of milk

Kuraishi

Sun

Aoki

et al. 2000

Biochemical Journal

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“…Retroposed parent genes in the glycolytic pathway are expressed in testicular germ cells, including Hk1, Gpi1 , Aldoa , Tpi1 , Gapdh , Pgk1 , Pgam1 , Eno1 and Pkm2 [2,4,7,9,11,48-51]. These studies and microarray analyses of isolated spermatogenic cells http://mrg.genetics.washington.edu/[52] indicate that glycolytic enzyme genes that are retroposed (Table 1) are expressed during early mitotic (spermatogonia) and/or meiotic (spermatocytes) stages of spermatogenesis in the mouse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent and recent retrotransposition of orthologous genes plays a role in the evolution of sperm glycolytic enzymes

2010

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BackgroundThe central metabolic pathway of glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate, with the net production of 2 ATP and 2 NADH per glucose molecule. Each of the ten reactions in this pathway is typically catalyzed by multiple isozymes encoded by a multigene family. Several isozymes in this pathway are expressed only during spermatogenesis, and gene targeting studies indicate that they are essential for sperm function and male fertility in mouse. At least three of the novel glycolytic isozymes are encoded by retrogenes (Pgk2, Aldoart1, and Aldoart2). Their restricted expression profile suggests that retrotransposition may play a significant role in the evolution of sperm glycolytic enzymes.ResultsWe conducted a comprehensive genomic analysis of glycolytic enzymes in the human and mouse genomes and identified several intronless copies for all enzymes in the pathway, except Pfk. Within each gene family, a single orthologous gene was typically retrotransposed frequently and independently in both species. Several retroposed sequences maintained open reading frames (ORFs) and/or provided evidence of alternatively spliced exons. We analyzed expression of sequences with ORFs and <99% sequence identity in the coding region and obtained evidence for the expression of an alternative Gpi1 transcript in mouse spermatogenic cells.ConclusionsOur analysis detected frequent, recent, and lineage-specific retrotransposition of orthologous glycolytic enzymes in the human and mouse genomes. Retrotransposition events are associated with LINE/LTR and genomic integration is random. We found evidence for the alternative splicing of parent genes. Many retroposed sequences have maintained ORFs, suggesting a functional role for these genes.

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“…The L-isoenzyme is exclusively expressed in hepatocytes (L-Pk) [7,8], whereas the M-isoenzyme (M-Pk) occurs in sinusoidal cells. From M-Pk two splice variants, the M1-Pk and M2-Pk, were detected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of sinusoidal mouse liver cells to choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented diet

et al. 2010

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BackgroundProliferation of oval cells, the bipotent precursor cells of the liver, requires impeded proliferation and loss of hepatocytes as well as a specific micro-environment, provided by adjacent sinusoidal cells of liver. Despite their immense importance for triggering the oval cell response, cells of hepatic sinusoids are rarely investigated. To elucidate the response of sinusoidal liver cells we have employed a choline-deficient, ethionine-supplemented (CDE) diet, a common method for inducing an oval cell response in rodent liver. We have utilised selected expression markers commonly used in the past for phenotypic discrimination of oval cells and sinusoidal cells: cytokeratin, E-cadherin and M2-pyruvate kinase for oval cells; and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was used for hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).ResultsCDE diet leads to an activation of all cells of the hepatic sinusoid in the mouse liver. Beside oval cells, also HSCs and Kupffer cells proliferate. The entire fraction of proliferating cells in mouse liver as well as endothelial cells and cholangiocytes express M2-pyruvate kinase. Concomitantly, GFAP, long considered a unique marker of quiescent HSCs was upregulated in activated HSCs and expressed also in cholangiocytes and oval cells.ConclusionsOur results point to an important role of all types of sinusoidal cells in regeneration from CDE induced liver damage and call for utmost caution in using traditional marker for identifying specific cell types. Thus, M2-pyruvate kinase should no longer be used for estimating the oval cell response in mouse liver. CDE diet leads to activation of GFAP positive HSCs in the pericentral zone of liver lobulus. In the periportal zone the detection of GFAP in biliary cells and oval cells, calls other cell types as progenitors of hepatocytes into question under CDE diet conditions.

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Gene expression of mouse M1 and M2 pyruvate kinase isoenzymes correlates with differential poly[A] tract extension of their mRNAs during the development of spermatogenesis

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

The poly(A) tail length of casein mRNA in the lactating mammary gland changes depending upon the accumulation and removal of milk

The poly(A) tail length of casein mRNA in the lactating mammary gland changes depending upon the accumulation and removal of milk

Frequent and recent retrotransposition of orthologous genes plays a role in the evolution of sperm glycolytic enzymes

Response of sinusoidal mouse liver cells to choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented diet

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