Gene expression, oxidative stress and apoptotic changes in rabbit ileum experimentally infected with Eimeria intestinalis

Abdel-Haleem, Heba M.; Aboelhadid, Shawky M.; Sakran, Thabet; El-Shahawy, Gamal; El-Fayoumi, Huda; Al‐Quraishy, Saleh; Abdel‐Baki, Abdel‐Azeem S.

doi:10.14411/fp.2017.012

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…At the end of the experimental period, Eimeria -infected NZ and VL rabbits in the positive control groups were found to be more affected by coccidial infection compared with those in the herbal-treated groups and negative control groups, as they had lower body weights and less body weight gain due to impaired FI and FCR. Similarly, Abdel-Haleem et al and Metwaly et al [ 62 , 63 ] demonstrated decreased body weight in Eimeria -infected rabbits compared with non-infected rabbits. Metwaly et al [ 63 ] stated that the decrease in body weight occurred due to the damage to the FCR and was certainly also related to impaired enzymatic systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Ameliorative Effect of Neem Leaf and Pomegranate Peel Extracts in Coccidial Infections in New Zealand and V-Line Rabbits: Performance, Intestinal Health, Oocyst Shedding, Carcass Traits, and Effect on Economic Measures

Mohammed

Sallam

Basuni

et al. 2021

Animals

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Healthy, weaned, coccidial-free male rabbits from two breeds (New Zealand white (NZ) and V-line (VL)) were divided into 10 equal groups (5 groups each for NZ and VL) (3 replicates/group, 6 rabbits/replicate, 18 rabbits/group). All rabbits were inoculated with 5 × 104 Eimeria spp. oocysts (E. intestinalis (67%), E. magna (22%), and E. media (11%)) except for the rabbits in the first group (G1), which were inoculated with a sterile solution and served as a negative control. The remaining four groups were treated as follows: G2, no treatment/positive control, G3, treated with neem leaf extract, G4, treated with pomegranate peel extract (PPE), and G5, treated with a combination of neem leaf extract and PPE. For both breeds, our results showed that the use of neem leaf and/or pomegranate peel extract resulted in improved growth performance, with a significant improvement in relative feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the positive control groups, which recorded the worst values, as well as a significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in mean oocyst count compared to the positive control groups. We also observed downregulation of mRNA levels of IL-1βα, IL6, and TNF-α in the herbal treatment groups compared with the mRNA levels of these genes in the positive control groups. Herbal treatment with neem leaf and/or pomegranate peel extracts had positive effects on the NZ and VL rabbits experimentally infected with mixed Eimeria species, as evidenced by their healthy appearance, good appetite, no mortalities, an anticoccidial index > 120, and a significantly higher total return and net profit when compared to the positive control groups of both breeds. In NZ rabbits, the treatment with neem leaf extract alone (G3) or in combination with PPE (G5) recorded the most efficient economic anticoccidial activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In our study, there was upregulation of the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL6, and TNF-α) in both positive control groups compared with those of both negative control groups. Similarly, Abdel-Haleem et al [ 62 ] reported upregulation of IL6 expression in Eimeria -infected rabbits compared with uninfected ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Ameliorative Effect of Neem Leaf and Pomegranate Peel Extracts in Coccidial Infections in New Zealand and V-Line Rabbits: Performance, Intestinal Health, Oocyst Shedding, Carcass Traits, and Effect on Economic Measures

Mohammed

Sallam

Basuni

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…Rabbit coccidiosis is caused by thirteen species of the genus Eimeria [3]. There are two types of rabbit coccidiosis intestinal ( Eimeria perforans , E. magna , E. media , and E. irresidua ) and hepatic ( E. steidae ) [4,5,6,7]. Intestinal coccidiosis in rabbits is associated with diarrhea, dehydration, inappetence, and weight loss [3,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylactic and Therapeutic Efficacy of Prebiotic Supplementation against Intestinal Coccidiosis in Rabbits

El‐Ashram

Aboelhadid

Abdel-Kafy

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple SummaryThere are limitations for using chemical products in meat production. The use of prebiotics to control Eimeria infections in rabbits may be of value. Prebiotics as a prophylaxis resulted in diminishing adverse effects caused by Eimeria spp. through decreasing fecal oocyst counts, retaining body weight, and reducing the number of parasitic stages in the intestinal tissues when compared with the non-supplemented controls. AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of prebiotic supplementation against intestinal coccidiosis in rabbits. Fifty male rabbits aged 35–60 days (1–1.5 kg) were divided into prophylactic and therapeutic experiments (five groups, 10 rabbits per group). Prophylactic experiment had prebiotic supplemented (PS-P), non-supplemented infected control (NI-P), and non-supplemented non-infected control (NN-P) groups. Ten days post-prebiotic supplementation (PPS), rabbits in groups PS-P and NI-P were infected orally with 5.0 × 104 sporulated oocysts of mixed Eimeria species. However, therapeutic experiment had prebiotic supplemented (PS-T) and untreated infected (UI-T) groups of naturally infected rabbits with Eimeria species. A significant reduction in oocyst count per gram feces (OPG) (p ≤ 0.05) was reported in the PS-P (57.33 × 103 ± 2.84) and NI-P (130.83 × 103 ± 43.38) groups during the experiment. Additionally, rabbits in groups (PS-P, 970.33 ± 31.79 g and NI-P, 870.66 ± 6.66 g) showed weight loss after infection. However, a significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in OPG was observed at day seven PPS in the PS-T group (4 × 103 ± 0.00) when compared with the UI-T group (32 × 103 ± 7.54). Furthermore, the PS-T group had a higher body weight than rabbits in the UI-T group. Histopathological findings of the intestinal tissues (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) showed that the counts of the endogenous stages were significantly higher in the NI-P and UI-T groups than in the prebiotic-supplemented groups (PS-P and PS-T). Supplementation of the prebiotic did not have any adverse effects on biochemical parameters, such as AST, ALT, creatinine, total protein, and total cholesterol. In conclusion, prebiotic supplementation can be used to minimize the adverse effects of intestinal coccidiosis in rabbits, which in turn limits body weight loss, especially for the prophylaxis of coccidial infection.

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“…Çenesiz et al, 2017, showed that treating cryptosporidiosis ameliorated oxidative stress caused by C. parvum infection in calves. Abdel-Haleem et al, (2017) observed that experimental infection with Eimeria intestinalis resulted in significant increases in malondialdehyde and decreases in CAT and GSH in the ileum of rabbits. Likewise, Eimeria papillata infection enhanced lipid peroxidation and decreased CAT and GSH levels in jejunum in mice (Metwaly et al 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Oxidative stress and clinico-pathological alterations induced by Cryptosporidium parvum infection in a rat model

Sood

Yadav

Katoch

et al. 2018

IJAR

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Cryptosporidium parvum is an apicomplexan zoonotic enteric protozoa that is principally responsible for severe necrotizing enteritis in immunocompromised hosts and has been associated with diarrhoea in a wide variety of animal species. The work was carried out on 48 rats which were equally divided into four groups: GI, GII, GIII and GIV. Rats in GI worked as healthy control. Rats in GII were administered C. parvum oocysts orally, GIII received dexamethasone, whereas GIV were given dexamethasone along with C. parvum oocysts. The maximum severity of experimental infection and oocyst shedding was observed on 8th DPI in Group IV rats who exhibited depression, inappetance, poor fur condition, decreased weight gain, bloody diarrhoea and highest mortality rate. Significant increase in LPO and decrease in SOD, CAT and GSH concentrations were seen in intestine in GIV rats at 8th DPI indicating the involvement of free radical induced oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of C. parvum infection. Severe necrotizing and haemorrhagic enteritis was seen in Group IV rats, whereas Group II animals had mild enteritis. Pathological examination of intestines in Group IV animals revealed extensive necrosis, blunting, fusion and sloughing of intestinal villi. Severe lymphocytic infiltration in lamina propria and submucosa was also observed. The diarrhoea and oocyst shedding gradually subsided after 8th DPI and completely resolved in GII whereas mild enteritis was still seen in GIV animals at 12thDPI. It was inferred from the present study that C. parvum strains prevalent in Jammu were capable of causing severe enteric infection in immunosuppressed rats.

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Gene expression, oxidative stress and apoptotic changes in rabbit ileum experimentally infected with Eimeria intestinalis

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Ameliorative Effect of Neem Leaf and Pomegranate Peel Extracts in Coccidial Infections in New Zealand and V-Line Rabbits: Performance, Intestinal Health, Oocyst Shedding, Carcass Traits, and Effect on Economic Measures

Ameliorative Effect of Neem Leaf and Pomegranate Peel Extracts in Coccidial Infections in New Zealand and V-Line Rabbits: Performance, Intestinal Health, Oocyst Shedding, Carcass Traits, and Effect on Economic Measures

Prophylactic and Therapeutic Efficacy of Prebiotic Supplementation against Intestinal Coccidiosis in Rabbits

Oxidative stress and clinico-pathological alterations induced by Cryptosporidium parvum infection in a rat model

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