Gene expression profile of placentomes and clinical parameters in the cows with retained placenta

Abstract

Background Retained placenta (RP) is a prevalent disorder in cattle with many health-related and economic costs for the farm owners. Its etiology has not been clarified yet and there is no definite therapy for this disorder. In this study we conducted RNA-seq, hematologic and histologic experiments to survey the causes of RP development. Methods Blood samples were collected from 4 RP and 3 healthy cows during periparturtion period for hematological assessments followed by placentome sampling within 30 min after parturition. Cows were grouped as RP and control in case the placenta was retained or otherwise expelled, respectively. Total RNA was extracted from placentome samples followed by RNA-sequencing. Results We showed 240 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the RP and control groups. Enrichment analyzes indicated immune system and lipid metabolism as prominent over- and under-represented pathways in RP cows, respectively. Hormonal assessments showed that estradiol-17β (E2) was lower and cortisol tended to be higher in RP cows compared to controls at the day of parturition. Furthermore, histologic experiment showed that villi-crypt junctions remain tighter in RP cows compared to controls and the crypts layer seemed thicker in the placentome of RP cows. Complete blood cell (CBC) parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion Overall, DEGs derived from expression profiling and these genes contributed to enrichment of immune and lipid metabolism pathways. We suggested that E2 could be involved in development of RP and the concentrations of P4 and CBC counts periparturition might not be a determining factor.

Specific and non-specific effects of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination in dairy calves

“…The retained placenta was a variable under study because it may be associated to genetic, immunological, metabolic, and infectious disorders causing an incomplete placental maturation (34)(35)(36). Despite in this work no significant differences were observed between groups (Table 3), in all analyzed comparisons the RP cases were more frequent in the non-vaccinated group of animals, suggesting the need of more evaluations about the influence of BCG in the development of this pathology.…”

Use of vitamin E and selenium injections as supportive treatment of retained placenta in dairy cattle

“…Enzymes in the placenta played a role in changes in estrogen (17β-estradiol) and progesterone levels (Moradi et al, 2022). Progesterone decreased drastically during parturition, and maternal plasma estradiol increased.…”

Вплив Поєднаної Зміни Деяких Показників Гомеостазу На Відтворну Функцію Корів

“…На сьогодні добре проаналізовано та загальновизнано, що у високопродуктивних молочних корів перед, під час і після отелення відбуваються гормональні та метаболічні зміни викликані завершенням розвитку плода, його народженням і початком лактації, що проявляються негативним енергетичним балансом, дефіцитом білків, мінералів і вітамінів (Vailati-Riboni, M., et. al., 2017, Moradi, M., et. al., 2022).…”