Gene flow between introduced and native Eucalyptus species: Flowering asynchrony as a barrier to F1 hybridisation between exotic E. nitens and native Tasmanian Symphyomyrtus species

Barbour, RC; Potts, Brad M.; Vaillancourt, René E.; Tibbits, W. N.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.01.017

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The development of morphological monitoring programs aimed at the identification of F 1 hybrids will therefore be an effective tool for identifying sites and species at risk of introgression of exotic plantation genes. In the current example, the likelihood of hybridisation between plantation grown E. nitens and natural populations of E. cordata is low, due the existence of barriers to F 1 hybridisation such as spatial isolation and flowering asynchrony (BAR-BOUR, 2004b;BARBOUR et al, 2005;BARBOUR et al, 2006). The cross combinations produced using the pollen from this F 1 hybrid cross-type, however, have clearly demonstrated the difficulties in identifying second-generation hybrids compared to first-generation (F 1 ) hybrids from pure parental species based on morphology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Gene Flow Between Introduced and Native Eucalyptus Species: Morphological Analysis of Tri-Species and Backcross Hybrids Involving E. nitens

2007

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Summary Morphometric analyses were conducted on second-generation tri-species and backcross hybrids in Eucalyptus. These hybrids were all produced using pollen from two E. nitens x cordata F1 hybrids and controlled pollination techniques. Tri-species hybrids were created with E. gunnii, E. ovata and E. viminalis as females, while backcrosses were produced with E. cordata. Multivariate analysis of seedling characteristics indicated that eighty percent of the backcross hybrids fell within the morphological range of E. cordata. All three cross combinations of the tri-species hybrids were biased away from E. nitens and towards their maternal parent and E. cordata. The inclusion of data for first-generation (F1) hybrids between the pure parental species in the current work showed the F1’s to be easily distinguishable from pure species, compared to second-generation hybrids. The use of morphology for detecting second-generation hybridisation involving exotic plantation species and native eucalypt populations will therefore be unreliable, and identifies a need for preventing second-generation hybrids from establish in the wild. The current work, nevertheless, provides further demonstration of the effectiveness of morphological identification of F1 hybrids. The easy recognition of F1 hybrids will be useful in identifying sites and species at risk of exotic gene flow and enable the development of weeding programs that focus on removing exotic hybrids in the wild.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Gene Flow Between Introduced and Native Eucalyptus Species: Morphological Analysis of Tri-Species and Backcross Hybrids Involving E. nitens

2007

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“…Various authors have suggested that heat sum may be involved in the year-to-year or site-to-27 site variation in annual anthesis time in eucalypts (Ashton 1975;Barbour et al 2006;28 Birtchnell and Gibson 2006;Griffin 1980;Moncur et al 1994;Pryor 1976). Indeed, when 29 comparing trees for which there was a complete five year flowering record, the mean heatthat the large between year variation in peak anthesis time of these trees of up to 30 days 1 appear to have been caused by year to year fluctuation in temperature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic control of flowering time in Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus

Jones

Vaillancourt

Potts

2011

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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1Understanding the factors affecting variation in phenology within a species is important as 2 flowering time constitutes one of the major barriers to gene flow. We studied the genetic and 3 environmental control of flower initiation and anthesis time in E. globulus ssp. globulus. For 4 five years, flower initiation and anthesis were monitored in a seed orchard containing clones 5 of 63 genotypes from four different regions of the species' natural distribution. Anthesis 6 occurred over a long period each year, spanning as much as nine months in 2008. This 7 variation was under strong genetic control with little genotype by year interaction (broad-8 sense heritability, Ĥ 2 =0.78±0.04). There were highly significant differences among regions; 9 anthesis occurred earlier for Furneaux and Tasmania than Strzelecki and Otways each year. 10 Surprisingly though, there was little variation in flower initiation time between regions and 11 genotypes, and this was under weak genetic control (Ĥ 2 =0.06±0.05). The average anthesis 12 time in the orchard varied from year to year and there was evidence that heat sum was a 13 major driver of this environmental variation. Anthesis time is controlled by both genetic and 14 environmental factors, with the responses to each being predictable to some extent, and 15 unrelated to the timing of flower initiation. 16 17

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“…This detectable contamination, although small, highlights the potential for eucalypt pollen to travel significant distances (e.g. BARBOUR et al, 2002;BYRNE et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Eucalyptus nitens is pollinated by insects (HINGSTON et al, 2004) and its pollen is mainly deposited within short distances, however, it has the potential to move long distances (BARBOUR et al, 2005). Gene flow from native forest into E. nitens plantings (and also the contrary) has been demonstrated (BARBOUR et al, 2002). This highlights the risk of pollen contamination if inadequate buffers between orchard and cross compatible native or plantation eucalypts are used.…”

Section: Microsatellite Based Paternity Analysis In a Clonal Eucalyptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite Based Paternity Analysis in a Clonal Eucalyptus nitens Seed Orchard

2010

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Microsatellite markers were used to determine paternity in 473 open-pollinated progenies from a clonal Eucalyptus nitens seed orchard of 50 trees from 12 different genotypes. The outcrossing rate in this orchard was high, averaging 0.85 (weighted by capsule crop) but variable between trees (ranging from 0.6-1.0). Paternal contribution of each genotype to the open-pollinated seed crop was predicted by the size of the flower crop of each genotype (r = 0.76), but not the number of ramets. While the detectable contamination in this orchard is relatively low (4.5%), it is atypical when compared to other published estimates in eucalypt seed orchards suggesting that with suitable buffering low levels of contamination can be achieved.

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Gene flow between introduced and native Eucalyptus species: Flowering asynchrony as a barrier to F1 hybridisation between exotic E. nitens and native Tasmanian Symphyomyrtus species

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

Gene Flow Between Introduced and Native Eucalyptus Species: Morphological Analysis of Tri-Species and Backcross Hybrids Involving E. nitens

Gene Flow Between Introduced and Native Eucalyptus Species: Morphological Analysis of Tri-Species and Backcross Hybrids Involving E. nitens

Genetic control of flowering time in Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus

Microsatellite Based Paternity Analysis in a Clonal Eucalyptus nitens Seed Orchard

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