Gene function in mouse embryogenesis: get set for gastrulation

Tam, Patrick; Loebel, David A.F.

doi:10.1038/nrg2084

Cited by 543 publications

(561 citation statements)

References 124 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

539

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The pluripotent epiblast differentiates during gastrulation, when it forms the primitive streak at the posterior-proximal part of the embryo. Gastrulation gives rise to the three primary germ layers, namely endoderm, mesoderm and neuroectoderm, from which all adult tissues are derived (reviewed in Tam and Loebel, 2007). After gastrulation, primordial germ cells (PGCs) originating from the epiblast remain the only source of pluripotent stem cells in the embryo.…”

Section: Pluripotency During Early Embryonic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse pluripotent stem cells at a glance

Pauklin

Pedersen

Vallier

2011

Journal of Cell Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Pluripotency During Early Embryonic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse pluripotent stem cells at a glance

Pauklin

Pedersen

Vallier

2011

Journal of Cell Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In addition to its nutritional roles, the VE is essential for embryonic patterning via orchestration of multiple signalling cascades, including transforming growth factor-β (nodal, Wnt, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and fibroblast growth factors 8 . These secreted signalling molecules bind to cell surface receptors, and ligand-receptor complexes relay the signals to downstream intracellular mediators to trigger further cellular events.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery of endosomes to lysosomes via microautophagy in the visceral endoderm of mouse embryos

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The differentiation and patterning of murine early embryos are sustained by the visceral endoderm, an epithelial layer of polarised cells that has critical roles in multiple signalling pathways and nutrient uptake. Both nutritional and signalling functions rely upon the endocytosis of various molecules from the cell surface via the endocytic pathway. However, endocytic membrane dynamics in this embryonic tissue remain poorly understood. Here we show that the functions of rab7, a small GTP-binding protein regulating the late endocytic pathway, are essential for embryonic patterning during gastrulation. The endosomes of visceral endoderm cells are delivered via a unique microautophagy-like process to the apical vacuole, a large compartment exhibiting lysosomal characteristics. Loss of rab7 function results in severe inhibition of this endocytic pathway. our results indicate that the microautophagic process and flow of the endocytic membrane have essential roles in early embryonic development.

show abstract

“…In the gastrula embryo, cells in different segments of the PS may be subjected to graded levels of signalling activity, based on the expression pattern of the pathway genes and the loss-offunction phenotypes [8,9]. Nodal (a transforming growth factor (TGF)-b-related factor) activity is high in the APS, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) activity peaks in the posterior PS and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activity is higher in the middle region than other parts of the streak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential response of epiblast stem cells to Nodal and Activin signalling: a paradigm of early endoderm development in the embryo

Kaufman‐Francis

Goh

Studdert

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mouse epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) display temporal differences in the upregulation of Mixl1 expression during the initial steps of in vitro differentiation, which can be correlated with their propensity for endoderm differentiation. EpiSCs that upregulated Mixl1 rapidly during differentiation responded robustly to both Activin A and Nodal in generating foregut endoderm and precursors of pancreatic and hepatic tissues. By contrast, EpiSCs that delayed Mixl1 upregulation responded less effectively to Nodal and showed an overall suboptimal outcome of directed differentiation. The enhancement in endoderm potency in Mixl1-early cells may be accounted for by a rapid exit from the progenitor state and the efficient response to the induction of differentiation by Nodal. EpiSCs that readily differentiate into the endoderm cells are marked by a distinctive expression fingerprint of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling pathway genes and genes related to the endoderm lineage. Nodal appears to elicit responses that are associated with transition to a mesenchymal phenotype, whereas Activin A promotes gene expression associated with maintenance of an epithelial phenotype. We postulate that the formation of definitive endoderm (DE) in embryoid bodies follows a similar process to germ layer formation from the epiblast, requiring an initial de-epithelialization event and subsequent re-epithelialization. Our results show that priming EpiSCs with the appropriate form of TGF-β signalling at the formative phase of endoderm differentiation impacts on the further progression into mature DE-derived lineages, and that this is influenced by the initial characteristics of the cell population. Our study also highlights that Activin A, which is commonly used as an in vitro surrogate for Nodal in differentiation protocols, does not elicit the same downstream effects as Nodal, and therefore may not effectively mimic events that take place in the mouse embryo.

show abstract

Gene function in mouse embryogenesis: get set for gastrulation

Cited by 543 publications

References 124 publications

Mouse pluripotent stem cells at a glance

Mouse pluripotent stem cells at a glance

Delivery of endosomes to lysosomes via microautophagy in the visceral endoderm of mouse embryos

Differential response of epiblast stem cells to Nodal and Activin signalling: a paradigm of early endoderm development in the embryo

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About