Gene geography of South America: Testing models of population displacement based on archeological evidence

Rothhammer, Francisco; Silva, Claudio

doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330890405

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies, including multivariate analyses comparing the gene frequency of several blood proteins and the HLA system, and dermatoglyphic, craniometrical and morphological features with linguistic and geographic/climatic variables, have produced controversial results [1, 57, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72]. In contrast, our DNA marker data demonstrate that there exist significant genetic differences between the Amazon, the Andean and Southern natives for RFLP-mtDNA, whereas the differences in the Y-specific markers between Andean and Amazon natives are low, although the number of males studied is still too small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Y chromosome and mtDNA variation patterns do not permit a clear conclusion as to whether the Andean Quechua and Aymara populations are derived from the Amazon population [63, 64], or if they represent two independently differentiated Amerindian populations, one located in the Andes region and the other in the tropical forest [65]. Previous studies, including multivariate analyses comparing the gene frequency of several blood proteins and the HLA system, and dermatoglyphic, craniometrical and morphological features with linguistic and geographic/climatic variables, have produced controversial results [1, 57, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genetic Diversity in an Andean Population from Peru and Regional Migration Patterns of Amerindians in South America: Data from Y Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA

Rodríguez-Delfín

Rubin-de-Celis

Zago³

2000

Hum Hered

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The genetic variability of a Quechua-speaking Andean population from Peru was examined on the basis of four Y chromosome markers and restriction sites that define the Amerindian mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups. Forty-nine out of 52 (90.4%) individuals had mtDNA which belonged to one of the four common Amerindian haplogroups, with 54% of the samples belonging to haplogroup B. Among 25 males, 12 had an Amerindian Y chromosome, which exists as four haplotypes defined on the basis of the DYS287, DYS199, DYS392 and DYS19 markers, three of which are shared by Amazonian Amerindians. Thus, there is a clear directionality of marriages, with an estimated genetic admixture with non-Amerindians that is 9 times lower for mtDNA than for Y chromosome DNA. The comparison of mtDNA of Andean Amerindians with that of people from other regions of South America in a total of 1,086 individuals demonstrates a geographical pattern, with a decreasing frequency of A and C haplotypes and increasing frequency of the D haplotype from the north of the Amazon River to the south of the Amazon River, reaching the lowest and the highest frequencies, respectively, in the more southern populations of Chile and Argentina. Conversely, the highest and lowest frequencies of the haplogroup B are found, respectively, in the Andean and the North Amazon regions, and it is absent from some southern populations, suggesting that haplotypes A, C and D, and haplotype B may have been dispersed by two different migratory routes within the continent.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity in an Andean Population from Peru and Regional Migration Patterns of Amerindians in South America: Data from Y Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA

Rodríguez-Delfín

Rubin-de-Celis

Zago³

2000

Hum Hered

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Particularly since the 1990s, population genetic studies have taken a keen interest in the indigenous populations of the Americas, given their unique demographic background (Schurr et al, 1990;Rothhammer and Silva, 1992;Torroni et al, 1992). The Americas were the last major continents to be settled by humans, probably by a small founding population around 15-17 kya (Tamm et al, 2007;Fagundes et al, 2008;Kitchen et al, 2008), yet they are home to surprisingly wide cultural and linguistic diversity (Nettle, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BetweenAndes andAmazon: The genetic profile of theArawak‐speakingYanesha

Barbieri

Heggarty

Yao

et al. 2014

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Yanesha are a Peruvian population who inhabit an environment transitional between the Andes and Amazonia. They present cultural traits characteristic of both regions, including in the language they speak: Yanesha belongs to the Arawak language family (which very likely originated in the Amazon/Orinoco lowlands), but has been strongly influenced by Quechua, the most widespread language family of the Andes. Given their location and cultural make-up, the Yanesha make for an ideal case study for investigating language and population dynamics across the Andes-Amazonia divide.In this study, we analyze data from high and mid-altitude Yanesha villages, both Y chromosome (17 STRs and 16 SNPs diagnostic for assigning haplogroups) and mtDNA data (control region sequences and 3 SNPs and one INDEL diagnostic for assigning haplogroups). We uncover sex-biased genetic trends that probably arose in different stages: first, a male-biased gene flow from Andean regions, genetically consistent with highland Quechua-speakers and probably dating back to Inca expansion; and second, traces of European contact consistent with Y chromosome lineages from Italy and Tyrol, in line with historically documented migrations. Most research in the history, archaeology and linguistics of South America has long been characterized by perceptions of a sharp divide between the Andes and Amazonia; our results serve as a clear case-study confirming demographic flows across that 'divide'. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:600-609,

show abstract

“…Two main scenarios have been proposed to explain the migration history: 1) a single migration along the coastal side of the Andes from which later groups spread out across the continent (Bennett and Bird 1964;Salzano and Callegari-Jacques 1988), and 2) an earlier split of the source population, possibly in the 4 northern area of South America that resulted in separate coastal and inland/continental populations (Bodner et al 2012;Hubbe et al 2010;Neves et al 2003). Early genetic studies supported the second of these scenarios, two distinct populations based on the genetic patterns between Andean and Amazonian groups (Luiselli et al 2000;Monsalve et al 1994;Rothhammer and Silva 1992). However, it is important to note that the presence of genetic structuring does not imply separate migration events (Fuselli et al 2003;Lewis et al 2007;Wang et al 2007) and studies have pointed out the possible underestimation of the impact from European contact that depopulated the region and likely led to a drastic genetic bottleneck (Lewis and Long 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Whole Mitochondrial Genomes from Venezuela and Implications on Regional Phylogenies in South America

Lee¹,

Merriwether²

2015

Human Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent studies have expanded and refined the founding haplogroups of the Americas using whole mitochondrial (mtDNA) genome analysis. In addition to pan-American lineages, a number of studies have identified specific variants that show higher frequencies in restricted geographical areas. In order to further characterize Native American maternal lineages and specifically examine local patterns within South America, we analyzed twelve maternally unrelated Yekuana whole mtDNA genomes from one village (Sharamaña) that include the four major Native American haplogroups A2, B2, C1, and D1. Our study proposes a reconfiguration of one subhaplogroup A2 (A2aa) that is specific to South America and identifies other singleton 2 branches across the four haplogroups. Furthermore, we show nucleotide diversity values that increase from north to south for haplogroups C1 and D1. The results from our work add to the growing mitogenomic data that highlight local phylogenies and support the rapid genetic differentiation of South American populations, which has been correlated with the linguistic diversity in the region by previous studies.3

show abstract

Gene geography of South America: Testing models of population displacement based on archeological evidence

Cited by 28 publications

References 9 publications

Genetic Diversity in an Andean Population from Peru and Regional Migration Patterns of Amerindians in South America: Data from Y Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA

Genetic Diversity in an Andean Population from Peru and Regional Migration Patterns of Amerindians in South America: Data from Y Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA

BetweenAndes andAmazon: The genetic profile of theArawak‐speakingYanesha

Identification of Whole Mitochondrial Genomes from Venezuela and Implications on Regional Phylogenies in South America

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About