Gene Polymorphism Among Residents of Ternopil Region Afflicted With Essential Arterial Hypertension

Abstract

Relevance. Dissensions in genotype distribution may substantively vary among different ethnic groups; that is why association of particular polymorphous markers with arterial hypertension (AH) development not always matches among distinct populations, which makes researches significant for every ethnic and population group.
 Objective is to study prevalence of polymorphism of A1166C-gene of angiotensin II receptor of the first type and T786C-promoter of endothelial NO-synthase gene among patients with arterial hypertension, residents of Ternopil region.
 Material and methods. We have examined 86 patients with arterial hypertension who were treated and examined in the therapeutic department of the Central District Hospital in Kozova, aged from 45 to 76 years. The control group consisted of 30 healthy individuals. Genetic typing of endothelial NOS genes and angiotensin II receptors (type 1) genes was performed by means of polymerase chain reaction with electrophoretic scheme of result detection.
 Results. When analyzing the frequency distribution of genotypes of polymorphism A1166C of the angiotensin II receptor gene type 1, it was found that the proportion of CC genotype in patients with stage 3 hypertension was 61.1%, which is probably more than in the control group – 16.6% (χ² = 10, 0, p = 0.002). Among patients with stage 2 hypertension, the frequency of AA genotype A1166C polymorphism of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene was lower than in the control group (19.1% vs. 43.3%, χ² = 5.2, p = 0.02), and among patients with stage 3 hypertension, the number of individuals with the AA genotype was 11.1% versus 43.3% in the control group (χ² = 5.43, p = 0.02). Analysis of the T-786C polymorphism of the eNOS gene promoter revealed that in patients with stage 2 hypertension, the frequency of pathological CC genotype was higher than in the control group (38.3% vs. 16.6%, χ² = 4.09, p = 0.04 ), patients with stage 3 hypertension also had a greater number of carriers of the CC genotype than in the control group (44.4% vs. 16.6%, χ² = 4.4, p = 0.03).
 Conclusions. Results of the research have shown that polymorphism of the type 1 angiotensin II receptors’ A1166C gene and of the eNOS gene T786C-promotor are associated with development of arterial hypertension.