Gene polymorphisms of Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3), adiponectin, leptin in diabetic obese patients

Abstract

Obesity leads a crucial importance in metabolic disorders, as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our present study was designed to assess the potential role of irisin, adiponectin, leptin and gene polymorphism of PNPLA3, leptin and adiponectin as predictive markers of diabetes associated with obesity. One hundred eighty subjects were distributed to three groups including; healthy non-diabetic non obese volunteers as a control group, diabetic non obese group, and diabetic obese group (n = 60 for each group). Fasting blood samples of all groups were collected to determine fasting blood glucose, insulin levels, insulin resistance, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triacylglycerol, irisin, adiponectin, leptin; as well as, polymorphism of PNPLA3, adiponectin and leptin. The results showed that glucose, insulin resistance, total cholesterol, irisin, leptin, LDL-C, triacylglycerol concentrations were significantly increased, however, insulin, HDL-C, adiponectin were significantly decreased in diabetic obese patients in relation to diabetic non-obese patients as well as in healthy volunteers. The polymorphism of PNPLA3 rs738409 was linearly related to irisin and leptin but was not related with circulating concentrations of adiponectin. We concluded that increased irisin and leptin levels can predict the insulin resistance in obese patients. Moreover, patients who have mutant genotype of PNPLA3 I148 gene (rs738409) C>G, ADIPOQ gene (rs266729) G>C and LEP gene (rs2167270) G>A showed a significant higher susceptibility rate for DM in obese people than those with wild type. This could be considered as an adjustable retort to counter the impact of obesity on glucose homeostasis.

Effects of Sex and Obesity on LEP Variant and Leptin Level Associations in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

“…However, as described above, leptin is strongly associated with IVDD because of its role in pro-inflammation [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Moreover, the two SNPs identified in our study had previously been extensively reported to be strongly associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. LEP rs7799039 promoter polymorphism is close to the specificity protein-1 (SP-1) transcription factor binding site [ 52 ].…”

“…They concluded that increased leptin levels could predict insulin resistance in obese patients. Moreover, obese subjects with the mutant genotype LEP gene (rs2167270) G > A showed a significantly higher susceptibility rate for DM than those with the wild type [ 47 ]. Dasgupta et al evaluated the association between obesity and leptin gene polymorphisms and levels in a South Indian population.…”

Association of metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease with polycystic ovary syndrome

“… 49 , 50 PNPLA3 I148M is also closely related to increased serum leptin levels and decreased serum adiponectin levels, resulting in a predisposition to IR. 51 The effect of the PNPLA3 I148M variant is larger in women than in men. 52 Given that PNPLA3 I148M is the most robust genetic variant associated with MAFLD, and there is strong association between this mutation and metabolism, it suggests a potential connection with metabolic symptoms in patients with PCOS.…”

Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Obesity and T2D: Literature Review

“…Besides, important adipokines involved in the inflammatory process are leptin and adiponectin. Leptin is a lipostatic hormone whose main function is to regulate body weight by transmitting signals of satiety to the central nervous system and energy homeostasis [ 89 , 90 , 91 ]. Evidence shows that leptin is involved in glucose metabolism, innate immune reactions and acute inflammation.…”

“…In mice, it has been described an increase in leptin is associated with inflammatory markers in obese individuals [ 94 ], and in humans production of cytokines can be induce when leptin is administered exogenously [ 95 ]. Adiponectin is a protein whose function is to increase fat oxidation, producing a reduction in the concentration of fatty acids, increasing insulin sensitivity [ 90 , 96 ]. It is described that adiponectin levels decrease in obesity, insulin resistance, T2D and cardiovascular diseases [ 97 ].…”