Gene transfers of kallicrein, bradykinin receptor B2 and a mutated B2 receptor stimulate neoangiogenesis in peripheral ischemia

Abstract

Objectives: The QKD interval is measured between the onset of QRS on the ECG and detection of last Korotkoff sound by a microphone placed on the brachial artery while measuring BP. It is the sum of pre-ejection time and pulse transmission time and thus is correlated to pulse wave velocity (PWV). This interval is automatically monitored with BP and HR every 15 min during 24 h with an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring device (Diasys Integra, Novacor, France). The 96 measurements obtained allow one to automatically calculate the QKD 100-60 , the QKD value for 100 mmHg SBP and 60 beats/min HR. This indices of arterial stiffness has been shown to be linked to future cardiovascular (CV) events, independently of 24 h BP. However, this interval may be abnormally prolonged in cases of left bundle branch blocks (LBBB). Methods:We tested the effects of simply removing QRS duration from the QKD 100-60 value on the prediction of CV events in a population of 412 hypertensives (247 males, age ¼ 53 AE 14 years, office BP ¼ 158 AE 19/ 97 AE 11 mmHg, 24 h BP ¼ 133 AE 17/86 AE 11 mmHg) followed prospectively.Results: The mean follow-up was 65 months. Thirtytwo patients were lost, 49 CV events occurred including 11 deaths. The Cox model showed that baseline QKD 100-60 (m ¼ 202 AE 19, 142-254 ms) was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with events independently of age, 24 h SBP and other traditional risk factors. Removing QRS duration (m ¼ 85 AE 10, 61-158 ms) improves the relation to events (monovariate Khi deux ¼ 38 versus 30).Conclusion: Removing QRS duration from QKD 100-60 improves its predictive value of future CV events and allows one to use this method in patients with LBBB.Is masked hypertension an artefact due to the blood pressure measurement method and threshold effects? What is the true prevalence of masked hypertension? (OMRON 705CP) both at the doctor's office (three measurements at 1-min intervals) and at home by the patient himself/herself (three measurements in the morning and in the evening at 1-min intervals over the 7 days before the visit). The following definitions were used: office HT: SBP ! 140 mmHg, DBP ! 90 mmHg, SBP ! 140 mmHg or DBP ! 90 mmHg; home HT: SBP ! 135 mmHg, DBP ! 85 mmHg, SBP ! 135 mmHg or DBP ! 85 mmHg. Another definition of office HT used was SBP ! 135 mmHg, DBP ! 85 mmHg, SBP ! 135 mmHg or DBP ! 85 mmHg.Results: A total of 575 patients were analysed. Results from the two methods of measurements were close but significantly different (difference for SBP: 3.2 AE 16.5 mmHg, P < 0.0001; difference for DBP, 1.4 AE 10.3 mmHg, P ¼ 0.002) ( Table 1). Abstracts A1Reference 1 Flamant M, Tharaux PL, Placier S, Henrion D, Coffman T, Chatziantoniou C, et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor trans-activation mediates the tonic and fibrogenic effects of endothelin in the aortic wall of transgenic mice.