Gene x environment interactions impact endometrial function and the menstrual cycle: PROGINS, life history, anthropometry, and physical activity

Rowe, Elizabeth; Eisenstein, Toby K.; Meissler, Joseph J.; Rockwell, L. Christie

doi:10.1002/ajhb.22430

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…While the causes of variation in human menstrual reabsorption have not been explicitly tested, several studies suggest which factors might control how much blood, and thus iron, a body loses during menstruation and how much it reabsorbs and reuses. For example, some evidence indicates that menstrual blood loss is sensitive to energetic condition (Clancy, ; Clancy et al, ; Rowe et al, ), although this has not yet been tested directly. The Polish population, Clancy et al () studied and the Kenyan population Miller () studied have a high physical workload; the Kenyan women also had poor nutritional status.…”

Section: Iron and Menstruationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The reproductive ecology of iron in women

Miller

2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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Reproductive ecology focuses on the sensitivity of human reproduction to environmental variation. While reproductive ecology has historically focused on the relationship between energy status and reproductive outcomes, iron status is equally critical to women's reproductive health, given the wide-ranging detrimental effects of iron-deficiency anemia on maternal and infant well-being. This review interprets the vast literature on iron status and women's reproduction through an evolutionary framework. First, it will critique the evidence for iron deficiency caused by blood loss during menstruation, reinterpreting the available data as ecological variation in menses within and between populations of women. Second, it will highlight the scant but growing evidence that iron status is implicated in fertility, a relationship that has deep evolutionary roots. Third, this review proposes a new hypothesis for the transfer of iron from mother to infant via pregnancy and breastfeeding: reproductive iron withholding. In this hypothesis, mothers transfer iron to infants in a manner that helps infants avoid iron-mediated infection and oxidative stress, but trades off with potential risk of maternal and infant iron deficiency. Finally, this review explores two main factors that can modify the relationship between iron status and the gestation-lactation cycle: (1) the relationship between long-term reproductive effort (parity) and iron status and (2) supplementation schemes before and during pregnancy. The review concludes by suggesting continued research into iron homeostasis in women using evolutionary, ecological, and biocultural frameworks. Am J Phys Anthropol 159:S172-S195,

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Section: Iron and Menstruationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The reproductive ecology of iron in women

Miller

2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…showed that Projin is interrelated with anthropometric factors that affect endometrial function. [ 21 ] Lambert-Messerlian et al . showed that free androgen increases with increasing BMI[ 22 ] and it is expected that the level of this hormone as a sex hormone is associated with the amount of bleeding endometrial growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between the duration of menstrual bleeding and obesity-related anthropometric indices in students

Kafaei-Atrian

Dehnavi

Sayadi

et al. 2019

J Edu Health Promot

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“…Similarly, while it is known that progesterone is the dominant hormone in the second half of the menstrual cycle, the evidence linking genetic variation in the progesterone signaling pathway with menstrual cycle length was scarce [28,29]. SMAD3, highlighted in gene-based analysis, is shown to modulate the proliferation of follicular granulosa cells and also ovarian steroidogenesis [30], and is an essential regulator of FSH signaling in the mouse [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GWAS meta-analysis highlights the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis) in the genetic regulation of menstrual cycle length

Laisk

Kukushkina

Palmer

et al. 2018

Preprint

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The normal menstrual cycle requires a delicate interplay between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary. Therefore, its length is an important indicator of female reproductive health.Menstrual cycle length has been shown to be partially controlled by genetic factors, especially in the follicle stimulating hormone beta-subunit (FSHB) locus. GWAS meta-analysis of menstrual cycle length in 44,871 women of European ancestry confirmed the previously observed association with the FSHB locus and identified four additional novel signals in, or near, the GNRH1, PGR, NR5A2 and INS-IGF2 genes. These findings confirm the role of the hypothalamicpituitary-gonadal axis in the genetic regulation of menstrual cycle length, but also highlight potential novel local regulatory mechanisms, such as those mediated by IGF2.

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Gene x environment interactions impact endometrial function and the menstrual cycle: PROGINS, life history, anthropometry, and physical activity

Abstract: The gene x environment interactions we report suggest that PROGINS alters endometrial sensitivity to maternal energetic condition. Thus, the possibility of genetically-based variation in sensitivity to energetic stress should be considered in future adaptive models of women's reproduction.

Cited by 5 publications

References 98 publications

The reproductive ecology of iron in women

The reproductive ecology of iron in women

The relationship between the duration of menstrual bleeding and obesity-related anthropometric indices in students

GWAS meta-analysis highlights the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis) in the genetic regulation of menstrual cycle length

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