General architectures for on-chip optical space and mode switching

Yang, Lin; Zhou, Ting; Jia, Hao; Yang, Shanglin; Ding, Jianfeng; Fu, Xin; Zhang, Lei

doi:10.1364/optica.5.000180

Cited by 116 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The mode division multiplexing (MDM) has been proposed to scale up the capacity with a single wavelength carrier, where independent signals are carried by different eigenmodes in parallel . Over the recent years, numerous key elements in the multimode transmission system have been reported, including the mode (de)multiplexers, multimode switches, and multimode bent waveguides . The waveguide crossing is essential in the on‐chip photonic circuit to obtain the complex topology of interconnects .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamaterial‐Based Maxwell's Fisheye Lens for Multimode Waveguide Crossing

Shi

2018

Laser & Photonics Reviews

104

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On‐chip multimode transmission has drawn tremendous interest for its ability to expand the link capacity with a single wavelength carrier. The waveguide crossing is a basic component in the on‐chip photonic circuit allowing the routing of a complex network. The situation has arisen where the multimode waveguide crossing is required to achieve the high‐density multimode networks. However, the conventional designs of the waveguide crossing only work for the single‐mode. Some works have been reported which realize the multimode crossing, but all suffer from significant losses. Here a multimode waveguide star‐crossing is proposed using the metamaterial‐based Maxwell's fisheye lens, where four multimode waveguides converge at a single junction. The index‐engineered silicon metamaterial is utilized to obtain the Maxwell's fisheye lens on the silicon‐on‐insulator platform. By combining the Maxwell's fisheye lens and tapered waveguides, both TM0 and TM1 modes propagate through the star‐crossing with low losses and cross talk. The fabricated multimode waveguide star‐crossing shows low losses of <0.3 dB and cross talk of <‐20 dB.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamaterial‐Based Maxwell's Fisheye Lens for Multimode Waveguide Crossing

Shi

2018

Laser & Photonics Reviews

104

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“…Inside the switch block, multimode signals are firstly de-multiplexed to the fundamental mode, processed by parallel single-mode optical switching units, and then transformed back to the original mode sequences. This block can be cascaded to realize a large scale multimode switch [43]. Finally, at the receiving block (marked as DeMUX and O→E), the signals are first de-multiplexed to the single-mode by the mode de-multiplexers, and then sent to add-drop microring resonator (AD-MRR)-based wavelength de-multiplexers.…”

Section: Principle and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coupling and conversion of the modes is easy to achieve by the precise fabrication capability of the waveguide structure with the advanced CMOS fabrication techniques, and the device performance is quite stable. A library of functional devices for multimode on-chip optical communications has been developed on a silicon photonics platform, including optical modulators [18][19][20][21][22][23], mode multiplexers and demultiplexers [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], multimode waveguide crossings [37], multimode waveguide bends [38], and multimode optical switches [39][40][41][42][43][44]. Moreover, germanium photodetectors are available for on-chip integration [45][46][47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WDM-compatible multimode optical switching system-on-chip

et al. 2019

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The development of optical interconnect techniques greatly expands the communication bandwidth and decreases the power consumption at the same time. It provides a prospective solution for both intra-chip and inter-chip links. Herein reported is an integrated wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM)-compatible multimode optical switching system-on-chip (SoC) for large-capacity optical switching among processors. The interfaces for the input and output of the processor signals are electrical, and the on-chip data transmission and switching process are optical. It includes silicon-based microring optical modulator arrays, mode multiplexers/de-multiplexers, optical switches, microring wavelength de-multiplexers and germanium-silicon high-speed photodetectors. By introducing external multi-wavelength laser sources, the SoC achieved the function of on-chip WDM and mode-division multiplexing (MDM) hybrid-signal data transmission and switching on a standard silicon photonics platform. As a proof of concept, signals with a 25 Gbps data rate are implemented on each microring modulator of the fabricated SoC. We illustrated 25 × 3 × 2 Gbps on-chip data throughput with two-by-two multimode switching functionality through implementing three wavelength-channels and two mode-channel hybrid-multiplexed signals for each multimode transmission waveguide. The architecture of the SoC is flexible to scale, both for the number of supported processors and the data throughput. The demonstration paves the way to a large-capacity multimode optical switching SoC.

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“…MDM technique enables us to use multiple spatial modes as independent single carriers to transfer data information, providing a new dimension to enhance the transmission capacity in a single wavelength carrier. Over the past decades, various multimode silicon photonic devices have been extensively investigated and reported for realizing MDM system, including mode (de)multiplexers [26][27][28], multimode bent waveguides [29,30], polarization rotator [31], and reconfigurable multimode silicon photonic integrated circuits [32]. The high multimode waveguide crossing, as a key building block for realizing the on-chip densely integrated MDM routing and network, is still a major challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon-based multimode waveguide crossings

Chang

Zhang

2020

J. Phys. Photonics

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Mode multiplexing technique is a new promising option to increase the transmission capacity of on-chip optical interconnects. Multimode waveguide crossings are the key building blocks in high-density and large-scale mode division multiplexing silicon photonic integrated circuits. In this paper, we review the recent progresses on silicon-based multimode waveguide crossings. Firstly, a variety of multimode waveguide crossing schemes are demonstrated and introduced including conventional multimode interference coupler, Maxwell's fisheye lens and inverse-designed multimode interference coupler. Secondly, we also discuss some emerging applications of the inverse design algorithm in the multimode silicon devices to realize ultracompact footprint and multiple functionalities. Finally, we also give the outlook of the development prospects of on-chip multimode waveguide crossings.

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General architectures for on-chip optical space and mode switching

Cited by 116 publications

References 51 publications

Metamaterial‐Based Maxwell's Fisheye Lens for Multimode Waveguide Crossing

Metamaterial‐Based Maxwell's Fisheye Lens for Multimode Waveguide Crossing

WDM-compatible multimode optical switching system-on-chip

Silicon-based multimode waveguide crossings

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